Accessibility Scan Report

Title: CivicActions.com - Issue: #189 Date: 3/27/2026, 10:40:14 AM Duration: 6.0m URLs: 45 / 45

Summary

Issues

  • By Level: A (0), AA (113), AAA (45)
  • By Version (A & AA): WCAG 2.0 (12), WCAG 2.2 (101)
  • By Category: axe-strict (12) & Best Practice (3) & Others (780)
  • Total: 795 across 17 unique rules & 2 accessibility engines

By Severity

Critical
Serious
Moderate
Minor

By Role

UX Designer
Visual Designer
Content Author
Front-End Developer

Issues

🎯 Pages with Most Errors

Focus your efforts on these pages to make the biggest impact. Click any error count to filter the rule list below. Numbers in parentheses (+N) indicate findings that cover WCAG criteria already reported by axe.
Services | CivicActions 19
Better Accessibility Through Alternative Text Validation | CivicActions 29
Helping Veterans access care and benefits online | CivicActions 29
Building an MVP for Medicare.gov with human-centered design | CivicActions 25
Better transit service with real-time data | CivicActions 25
A global professional networking platform for security practitioners | CivicActions 24
Privacy policy | CivicActions 16
Digital IT Acquisition Professional (DITAP) certification program | CivicActions 15
CivicActions | Open and Agile Digital Government Services | CivicActions 14
Feedback or update requests | CivicActions 14

🔧 Most Common Issues (ALFA)

13 rules
343 Moderate alfa SIA-R73: Text spacing can be adjusted without loss of content
45 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The line height of the paragraph is less than 1.5
Mode: light
<p class="banner-text">...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="banner-text"]
Example 2 View on Page
The line height of the paragraph is less than 1.5
Mode: light
<p class="body-large">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body-large"]
Example 3 View on Page
The line height of the paragraph is less than 1.5
Mode: light
<p>We're a professional services firm providing desig...</p>
XPath: /p
Example 4 View on Page
The line height of the paragraph is less than 1.5
Mode: light
<p class="copyright">...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="copyright"]
Example 5 View on Page
The line height of the paragraph is less than 1.5
Mode: light
<p class="accessibility">...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="accessibility"]
101 Serious alfa SC 2.5.8 AA Motor SIA-R111: Interactive elements have a sufficient target size
45 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: UX Designer, Visual Designer

Blocking: ⚠️ Yes (Task-Blocking)

WCAG: SC 2.5.8 AA

Disabilities affected:
Motor

Affected Pages

Who Is Affected

  • Limited Manipulation 2.2% — ~7,600,000 Americans
  • Limited Reach and Strength 5.8% — ~19,600,000 Americans

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
Target has insufficient size
Mode: light
<div tabindex="0" role="button" class="close-icon">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="close-icon"]
Example 2 View on Page
Target has insufficient size
Mode: light
<a href="https://medium.com/civicactions">Insights</a>
XPath: /a
Example 3 View on Page
Target has insufficient size
Mode: light
<a href="https://reports.civicactions.com/2025" class="external-link">Impact</a>
XPath: /a[@class="external-link"]
Example 4 View on Page
Target has insufficient size
Mode: light
<a href="https://accessibility.civicactions.com/posts/CivicActions-Accessibility-Pledge">See our Accessibility Pledge</a>
XPath: /a
Example 5 View on Page
Target has insufficient size
Mode: light
<a href="https://reports.civicactions.com/2025" class="external-link">Impact</a>
XPath: /a[@class="external-link"]
89 Moderate alfa SIA-R74
30 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The font size is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body-large">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body-large"]
Example 2 View on Page
The font size is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">How we help VA deliver consistent and useful infor...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
Example 3 View on Page
The font size is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">Both in government work and here at home, accessib...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
Example 4 View on Page
The font size is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p>We are passionate about improving government techn...</p>
XPath: /p
Example 5 View on Page
The font size is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">At its core, digital transformation is about impro...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
88 Moderate alfa SIA-R80: ASCII art has a text alternative
30 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The line height is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body-large">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body-large"]
Example 2 View on Page
The line height is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">How we help VA deliver consistent and useful infor...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
Example 3 View on Page
The line height is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">Both in government work and here at home, accessib...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
Example 4 View on Page
The line height is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">At its core, digital transformation is about impro...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
Example 5 View on Page
The line height is specified using an absolute unit
Mode: light
<p class="body">We are working to re-platform and redesign legacy ...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="body"]
45 Moderate alfa SIA-R57: Landmarks don't repeat the same content
45 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The text is not included in a landmark region
Mode: light
Example 2 View on Page
The text is not included in a landmark region
Mode: light
Example 3 View on Page
The text is not included in a landmark region
Mode: light
Example 4 View on Page
The text is not included in a landmark region
Mode: light
Example 5 View on Page
The text is not included in a landmark region
Mode: light
45 Moderate alfa SC 1.4.6 AAA Visual SIA-R66: Text has enhanced contrast with its background
45 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Visual Designer

Blocking: No

WCAG: SC 1.4.6 AAA

Disabilities affected:
Visual

Affected Pages

Who Is Affected

  • Without Vision 1.0% — ~3,400,000 Americans
  • Limited Vision 2.4% — ~8,100,000 Americans
  • Without Perception of Color 4.3% — ~14,500,000 Americans

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.61:1 which is below the required contrast of 7:1
Mode: light
Example 2 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.61:1 which is below the required contrast of 7:1
Mode: light
Example 3 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.61:1 which is below the required contrast of 7:1
Mode: light
Example 4 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.61:1 which is below the required contrast of 7:1
Mode: light
Example 5 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.61:1 which is below the required contrast of 7:1
Mode: light
44 Moderate alfa SIA-R17
44 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The element is either tabbable or has tabbable descendants
Mode: light
<div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="bm-menu-wrap"]
Example 2 View on Page
The element is either tabbable or has tabbable descendants
Mode: light
<div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="bm-menu-wrap"]
Example 3 View on Page
The element is either tabbable or has tabbable descendants
Mode: light
<div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="bm-menu-wrap"]
Example 4 View on Page
The element is either tabbable or has tabbable descendants
Mode: light
<div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="bm-menu-wrap"]
Example 5 View on Page
The element is either tabbable or has tabbable descendants
Mode: light
<div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>
XPath: /div[@class="bm-menu-wrap"]
14 Moderate alfa SIA-R72
14 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The text of the paragraph is uppercased
Mode: light
<p class="label">Clean and useful technology</p>
XPath: /p[@class="label"]
Example 2 View on Page
The text of the paragraph is uppercased
Mode: light
<p class="label">Accessible, responsive platform</p>
XPath: /p[@class="label"]
Example 3 View on Page
The text of the paragraph is uppercased
Mode: light
<p class="h5">If all goes well, we will answer any questions and...</p>
XPath: /p[@class="h5"]
Example 4 View on Page
The text of the paragraph is uppercased
Mode: light
<p class="label">Research-based solution</p>
XPath: /p[@class="label"]
Example 5 View on Page
The text of the paragraph is uppercased
Mode: light
<p class="label">Improved customer experience</p>
XPath: /p[@class="label"]
6 Moderate alfa SIA-R78: Headings of same level have text content between them
5 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
There is no content between this heading and the next
Mode: light
<h3 class="h5">Web & CMS</h3>
XPath: /h3[@class="h5"]
Example 2 View on Page
There is no content between this heading and the next
Mode: light
<h3>View more work</h3>
XPath: /h3
Example 3 View on Page
There is no content between this heading and the next
Mode: light
<h3>How our distributed team makes up for a year apart</h3>
XPath: /h3
Example 4 View on Page
There is no content between this heading and the next
Mode: light
<h2 class="h3">Building a modern web experience for FCC customers</h2>
XPath: /h2[@class="h3"]
Example 5 View on Page
There is no content between this heading and the next
Mode: light
<h3 class="h5">Web & CMS</h3>
XPath: /h3[@class="h5"]
5 Serious alfa SC 1.4.3 AA Visual SIA-R69: Text has sufficient contrast with its background
5 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Visual Designer

Blocking: No

WCAG: SC 1.4.3 AA

Disabilities affected:
Visual

Who Is Affected

  • Without Vision 1.0% — ~3,400,000 Americans
  • Limited Vision 2.4% — ~8,100,000 Americans
  • Without Perception of Color 4.3% — ~14,500,000 Americans

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 4.05:1 which is below the required contrast of 4.5:1
Mode: light
Example 2 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 3.95:1 which is below the required contrast of 4.5:1
Mode: light
Example 3 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 3.95:1 which is below the required contrast of 4.5:1
Mode: light
Example 4 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 3.95:1 which is below the required contrast of 4.5:1
Mode: light
Example 5 View on Page
The highest possible contrast of the text is 3.95:1 which is below the required contrast of 4.5:1
Mode: light
1 Moderate alfa Best Practice SIA-R61: Documents start with a level 1 heading
1 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Content Author, UX Designer

Blocking: No

WCAG: Best Practice

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The document does not start with a level 1 heading
Mode: light
1 Moderate alfa Best Practice SIA-R53: Headings follow a logical hierarchy
1 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Content Author, UX Designer

Blocking: No

WCAG: Best Practice

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The heading skips one or more levels
Mode: light
<h3>Have questions? Drop us a line.</h3>
XPath: /h3
1 Moderate alfa Best Practice SIA-R64: Heading has non-empty accessible name
1 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: alfa

Roles: Content Author, Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

WCAG: Best Practice

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
The heading does not have an accessible name
Mode: light
<h2 />
XPath: /h2

🔧 Most Common Issues (axe)

4 rules
7 Serious axe SC 1.4.3 AA Visual color-contrast: Ensures text and interactive elements have sufficient contrast ratio (4.5:1 for normal text, 3:1 for large text) against their background.
5 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: axe

Roles: Visual Designer

Blocking: No

WCAG: SC 1.4.3 AA

Disabilities affected:
Visual

Who Is Affected

  • Without Vision 1.0% — ~3,400,000 Americans
  • Limited Vision 2.4% — ~8,100,000 Americans
  • Without Perception of Color 4.3% — ~14,500,000 Americans

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds
Mode: light
<a class="external-link" href="https://accessibility.civicactions.com/posts/heart-accessibility ">Accessibility consulting and training</a>
XPath: li:nth-child(1) > .external-link
Example 2 View on Page
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds
Mode: light
<a href="/services/ditap/">DITAP program certification</a>
XPath: li:nth-child(1) > a[href$="ditap/"]
Example 3 View on Page
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds
Mode: light
<a href="https://distributedgov.com/" class="external-link">Telework consulting and training</a>
XPath: a[href$="distributedgov.com/"]
Example 4 View on Page
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds
Mode: light
<a href="https://github.com/CivicActions/globalnet">entire codebase</a>
XPath: .key-outcome:nth-child(6) > .body > p > a
Example 5 View on Page
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds
Mode: light
<a href="https://www.section508.gov/blog/accessibility-news-the-section-508-Update">Section 508</a>
XPath: .key-outcome:nth-child(3) > .body > p > a
3 Moderate axe heading-order: Ensures heading levels are not skipped (e.g. h1→h3). Inconsistent heading hierarchy makes page structure difficult to navigate for screen reader users.
3 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: axe

Roles: Content Author, UX Designer

Blocking: No

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
Heading levels should only increase by one
Mode: light
<div class="HoXoMd D1wxyf RjsPE" dir="auto" role="heading" aria-level="3"><span class="M7eMe">Email</span><span class="vnumgf" id="i4" aria-label="Required question"> *</span></div>
XPath: iframe
Example 2 View on Page
Heading levels should only increase by one
Mode: light
<div class="HoXoMd D1wxyf RjsPE" dir="auto" role="heading" aria-level="3"><span class="M7eMe">Email</span><span class="vnumgf" id="i4" aria-label="Required question"> *</span></div>
XPath: iframe
Example 3 View on Page
Heading levels should only increase by one
Mode: light
<h3>Have questions? Drop us a line.</h3>
XPath: h3
1 Moderate axe page-has-heading-one
1 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: axe

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Affected Pages

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
Page should contain a level-one heading
Mode: light
<html lang="en">
XPath: html
1 Moderate axe empty-heading
1 pages affected

Rule Information

Engine: axe

Roles: Front-End Developer

Blocking: No

Examples

Example 1 View on Page
Headings should not be empty
Mode: light
<h2></h2>
XPath: .first-approach > h2

🤖 AI-Powered Remediation Suggestions

⚠️ **AI Disclaimer**: These suggestions are generated by an AI model (GitHub Models / gpt-4o-mini) and may contain errors or omissions. Always review and test suggested fixes in your own codebase before applying them. Suggestions are based on the example HTML snippets captured during scanning and may not account for your full page context.

Generated by gpt-4o-mini for the top 10 most common violation types.

  1. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

    343 occurrences across 45 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p class="banner-text" style="line-height: 1.2;">...</p>

    After (fixed):

    <p class="banner-text" style="line-height: 1.5;">...</p>

    💡 Why this matters: The line height of the paragraph is set to less than 1.5, which can affect readability for users with visual impairments. Increasing the line height to 1.5 improves text legibility.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.12 Text Spacing

  2. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

    WCAG 2.5.8 Level AA

    101 occurrences across 45 pages

    Before (failing):

    <div tabindex="0" role="button" class="close-icon">...</div>

    After (fixed):

    <div tabindex="0" role="button" class="close-icon" style="min-width: 44px; min-height: 44px;">...</div>

    💡 Why this matters: The target element does not meet the minimum size requirement for touch targets, which can hinder usability for users with motor impairments. The fix applies minimum width and height to ensure it is large enough to be easily activated.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum)

  3. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

    89 occurrences across 30 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p class="body-large" style="font-size: 16px;">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>

    After (fixed):

    <p class="body-large" style="font-size: 1rem;">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>

    💡 Why this matters: Using absolute units like pixels for font size can hinder accessibility for users who need to adjust text size. The fix changes the font size to a relative unit (rem), allowing for better scalability and user control.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.4 Resize text

  4. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80

    88 occurrences across 30 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p class="body-large" style="line-height: 20px;">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>

    After (fixed):

    <p class="body-large" style="line-height: 1.5;">Working for the greater good is in our DNA. From h...</p>

    💡 Why this matters: Using absolute units for line height can lead to accessibility issues, as it may not scale well for users with visual impairments. The fix changes the line height to a relative unit, ensuring better scalability and readability.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.12 Text Spacing

  5. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

    45 occurrences across 45 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p>This is some text that is not within a landmark region.</p>

    After (fixed):

    <main><p>This is some text that is now within a landmark region.</p></main>

    💡 Why this matters: Text outside of landmark regions can be difficult for users to navigate. By placing the text inside a <main> landmark, it becomes part of a defined structure, improving accessibility.

    📖 WCAG Reference: N/A

  6. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

    WCAG 1.4.6 Level AAA

    45 occurrences across 45 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p style='color: #999999;'>This is some text.</p>

    After (fixed):

    <p style='color: #000000;'>This is some text.</p>

    💡 Why this matters: The text color was too light, resulting in insufficient contrast against the background. Changing the text color to a darker shade improves the contrast ratio to meet the required 7:1 standard.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced)

  7. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17

    44 occurrences across 44 pages

    Before (failing):

    <div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true">...</div>

    After (fixed):

    <div id="" class="bm-menu-wrap" style="position:fixed;right:0;z-index:1100;width:75%;height:100%;-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">...</div>

    💡 Why this matters: The element is marked as 'aria-hidden' but may still be tabbable, which can confuse users relying on keyboard navigation. Adding 'tabindex="-1"' ensures it is not focusable, improving accessibility.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 2.4.3 Focus Order

  8. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72

    14 occurrences across 14 pages

    Before (failing):

    <p class="label">CLEAN AND USEFUL TECHNOLOGY</p>

    After (fixed):

    <p class="label">Clean and useful technology</p>

    💡 Why this matters: Uppercased text can hinder readability and accessibility for users with cognitive disabilities. The fix changes the text to sentence case, improving clarity.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.5 Images of Text (No Exception)

  9. Ensures text and interactive elements have sufficient contrast ratio (4.5:1 for normal text, 3:1 for large text) against their background. AXE: color-contrast

    WCAG 1.4.3 Level AA

    7 occurrences across 5 pages

    Before (failing):

    <a class="external-link" href="https://accessibility.civicactions.com/posts/heart-accessibility " style="color: #aaa;">Accessibility consulting and training</a>

    After (fixed):

    <a class="external-link" href="https://accessibility.civicactions.com/posts/heart-accessibility " style="color: #000;">Accessibility consulting and training</a>

    💡 Why this matters: The original link color does not provide sufficient contrast against the background, making it difficult for users with visual impairments to read. Changing the color to a darker shade improves the contrast ratio, ensuring better accessibility.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)

  10. https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78 ALFA: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

    6 occurrences across 5 pages

    Before (failing):

    <h3 class="h5">Web & CMS</h3>

    After (fixed):

    <h3 class="h5">Web & CMS</h3>
<p></p>

    💡 Why this matters: Headings should have content following them to provide context and structure to the document. Adding a paragraph or other content after the heading ensures that it is meaningful and accessible.

    📖 WCAG Reference: 1.3.1 Info and Relationships