# Accessibility bug reports — www.cdc.gov, week 2026-W26

74 issue type(s) from 1667 pages scanned. Generated 2026-07-13 by [vital-scans](https://github.com/mgifford/vital-core), following [accessibility bug-reporting best practices](https://mgifford.github.io/ACCESSIBILITY.md/examples/ACCESSIBILITY_BUG_REPORTING_BEST_PRACTICES.html).

> Automated checks find roughly a third of accessibility barriers. Fields marked "requires manual testing" cannot be observed by an automated scan and need a human with assistive technology.

---
## Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e1fd6438`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-179ad9b3`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#nav-group-efe98" aria-controls="nav-group-efe98" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.8 — Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r113` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2466 instances; 270 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 270 of 1667 scanned pages (2466 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#nav-group-efe98" aria-controls="nav-group-efe98" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/dialysis-event.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket150.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/access-to-health-care.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-mdro-cdi.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm

…and more — 270 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r113.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm

---

## Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-dbf28028`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7dba940`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a data-action="print" href="#print" class="d-none d-md-block" aria-label="print this page">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.3 — Label in Name (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r14` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 213 instances; 96 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 96 of 1667 scanned pages (213 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html.
2. Locate the element: <a data-action="print" href="#print" class="d-none d-md-block" aria-label="print this page">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Without speech** (0.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/dnpao-state-local-programs/php/data-research/communication-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/historias/nathan.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/careers/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fsalmonella%2Fgeneral%2Findex.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/tools/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/treatment/tratamiento-de-los-niveles-bajos-de-azucar-en-la-sangre-hipoglucemia.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-swimming/es/response/responding-to-raccoons-in-and-near-the-pool.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/adsc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mycoplasma/php/laboratories/specimen-packing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance-laboratory-networks/communications/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/egypt.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/es/vaccines/tipos-de-vacunas-antineumococicas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/national-program-cancer-registries/registry-plus
- https://www.cdc.gov/listeria/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/es/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2004-110_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/es/digital-online-checklist/4-months.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/uti/hcp/clinical-guidance/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/measles/php/guidance/index.html

…and more — 96 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r14.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp

---

## Images must have alternative text (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-77adcdbc`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9074b4dd`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 2789 instances; 260 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8">
```

### Description
Images must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule image-alt on 260 of 1667 scanned pages (2789 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-alt against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000678.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5019a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000017.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000732.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5539a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015602.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5617md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm

…and more — 260 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__image-alt.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> a meaningful alt attribute. Use alt="" only for decorative images so screen readers skip them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm

---

## Image has accessible name (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8f9b2adc`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a24eaa8c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r2` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1456 instances; 136 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Image has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r2 on 136 of 1667 scanned pages (1456 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: <img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r2 against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5641a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056071.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5753a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050472.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5817a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047031.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524e3.htm?s_cid=mm6524e3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046191.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047291.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6528a5.htm?s_cid=mm6528a5_w

…and more — 136 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r2.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> an accessible name (alt text), or alt="" if purely decorative.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-33b88b46`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9429bb8d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#accordion-2`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-children` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="accordion indicator-plus accordion-white mb3" id="accordion-2" role="tablist">
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-children on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html.
2. Locate the element: #accordion-2
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-children against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/card-game/facts-and-feels/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add the child roles this container role requires (e.g. a list needs listitem children).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/card-game/facts-and-feels/index.html

---

## <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6d1d3b81`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a0bdbdf6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `ol`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 42 instances; 15 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ol>
```

### Description
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 15 of 1667 scanned pages (42 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm.
2. Locate the element: ol
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001909.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001884.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tribal-road-safety/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5116a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048084.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00053391.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025210.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015794.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031978.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5134a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035751.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_meeting.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0605.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001909.htm

---

## Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-71647ac2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-07ba3b17`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-textblock:nth-child(6) > .table-responsive > div > .main\|gray-l3.table-striped`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `td-headers-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped main|gray-l3" width="623">
```

### Description
Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl. Detected by axe-core rule td-headers-attr on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-textblock:nth-child(6) > .table-responsive > div > .main\|gray-l3.table-striped
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule td-headers-attr against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table2b_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2018-2020.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate data cells with their headers correctly using headers/id or scope.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table2b_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html

---

## <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol> (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f7820ea3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6175596b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `ul:nth-child(238) > b > li`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `listitem` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<li>Engage stakeholders</li>
```

### Description
<li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. Detected by axe-core rule listitem on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: ul:nth-child(238) > b > li
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule listitem against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/index.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** <li> must be inside a <ul> or <ol>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/index.htm

---

## <dl> elements must only directly contain properly-ordered <dt> and <dd> groups,  (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-85326e08`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4bcaa7bf`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `dl:nth-child(330)`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `definition-list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/definition-list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W26 (1 week)

### HTML snippet
```html
<dl>
```

### Description
<dl> elements must only directly contain properly-ordered <dt> and <dd> groups, . Detected by axe-core rule definition-list on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: dl:nth-child(330)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule definition-list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/definition-list?application=axeAPI

---

## Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-41903d05`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d6097011`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<ul>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r68` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1559 instances; 111 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 111 of 1667 scanned pages (1559 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html.
2. Locate the element: <ul>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/primary-immunodeficiency/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitamin-k-deficiency/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fsalmonella%2Fgeneral%2Findex.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/careers
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/emergency/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/echinococcosis/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/transplant-safety/hcp/clinical-guidance/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/treatment/tratamiento-de-los-niveles-bajos-de-azucar-en-la-sangre-hipoglucemia.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/investigations/registration.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/about/fainting.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/family-health-history/family-health-history-and-you/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/air-quality/pollutants/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/secondhand-smoke/community.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2004_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/14_0170.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/oeeo/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/partner-toolkit.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/measles/php/laboratories/serology.html

…and more — 111 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r68.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/primary-immunodeficiency/about

---

## Element has required aria-owns (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ef5d6ace`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4408605e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<th class="text-left" headers="State" scope="row" align="left">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r46` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 68 instances; 6 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Element has required aria-owns. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r46 on 6 of 1667 scanned pages (68 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html.
2. Locate the element: <th class="text-left" headers="State" scope="row" align="left">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r46 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0221.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table2a_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0221.htm

---

## Table cell has header (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3f6f2684`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f067795`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r77` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 9287 instances; 5 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Table cell has header. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r77 on 5 of 1667 scanned pages (9287 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w.
2. Locate the element: <td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r77 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6005md.htm?s_cid=mm6005md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6013md.htm?s_cid=mm6013md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/protective-clothing/standards.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6005md.htm?s_cid=mm6005md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html

---

## Element has required owned roles (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9bd8f298`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3c632d31`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<h4>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r64` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Element has required owned roles. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r64 on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html.
2. Locate the element: <h4>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r64 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5651a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5642a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5651a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5642a5.htm

---

## aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5720a158`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9207ed51`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@headers="t-1-9-2-f-col-gr-1 t-1-9-2-f-col-1"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r45` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 23 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r45 on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (23 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html.
2. Locate the element: @headers="t-1-9-2-f-col-gr-1 t-1-9-2-f-col-1"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r45 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2018-2020.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2018-2020.html

---

## Info and Relationships (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-69270ac6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33b49e3b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<th>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r76` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W26 (1 week)

### Description
Info and Relationships. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r76 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html.
2. Locate the element: <th>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r76 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76

---

## Links must be distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a91f5e8a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8ade3360`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/executive-summary.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.all-pages`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-in-text-block` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 15 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="all-pages" href="#toc">All pages <span class="cdc-fa-arrow-down-long"></span></a>
```

### Description
Links must be distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by axe-core rule link-in-text-block on 15 of 1667 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/executive-summary.html.
2. Locate the element: .all-pages
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-in-text-block against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/executive-summary.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/contributors-and-acknowledgements.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/about/fainting.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltach/enroll.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/partner-toolkit.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/rsv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/abbreviations-and-acronyms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/social-media.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/mmr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/training/safe-healthcare-webinars.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/patient-notification-toolkit/communication.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/patient-notification-toolkit/resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/rubella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/php/surveillance/mosquito-control-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2023/hepatitis-c/figure-3-3.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/executive-summary.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/contributors-and-acknowledgements.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/about/fainting.html

---

## Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-67854927`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-efd91fdd`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#one">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r62` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r62 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#one">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r62 against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make links visually distinguishable from surrounding text (not by color alone).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html

---

## Scrollable region must have keyboard access (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ea9842b5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c613c153`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a4.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.w-100.order-4:nth-child(28) > table`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scrollable-region-focusable` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="table table-bordered table-responsive opt-in">
```

### Description
Scrollable region must have keyboard access. Detected by axe-core rule scrollable-region-focusable on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a4.htm.
2. Locate the element: .w-100.order-4:nth-child(28) > table
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scrollable-region-focusable against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/es/prevention/cholera-vaccines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make scrollable regions keyboard-focusable (tabindex="0") so keyboard users can scroll them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/es/prevention/cholera-vaccines.html

---

## <blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used (WCAG 2.2.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-50405ca1`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4b45acfe`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.2.2 — Pause, Stop, Hide (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `blink` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 7 instances; 7 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
<blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used. Detected by axe-core rule blink on 7 of 1667 scanned pages (7 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a2.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule blink against WCAG 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5618a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5607a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5610a8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5618a7.htm

---

## Links must have discernible text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b9794205`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e9fe47ac`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 221 instances; 112 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/"><img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8"></a>
```

### Description
Links must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule link-name on 112 of 1667 scanned pages (221 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-name against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0110_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/welders-anthrax/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0004.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0180_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0167.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0080_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0256_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0007_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0012_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/10_0096.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0233_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0583.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/09_0207_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0156.htm

…and more — 112 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-name.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link discernible text. Avoid empty links and icon-only links without an aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm

---

## Link has accessible name (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-00716c32`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-28ebd979`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r11` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 115 instances; 56 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Link has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r11 on 56 of 1667 scanned pages (115 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r11 against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/welders-anthrax/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0004.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0012_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0583.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0231_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0400a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0168_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0067_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5504a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0034_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0320_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0106_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/trainingandeducationalresources/emergency-preparedness.html

…and more — 56 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r11.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link an accessible name via text content or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm

---

## <html> element must have a lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8f881ad8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c126b6a6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `html-has-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 247 instances; 247 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
<html> element must have a lang attribute. Detected by axe-core rule html-has-lang on 247 of 1667 scanned pages (247 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule html-has-lang against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000678.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5019a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000017.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000732.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5539a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015602.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5617md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm

…and more — 247 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__html-has-lang.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a lang attribute to <html> (e.g. lang="en").

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm

---

## Document has a valid lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d8f2f962`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7a0e5645`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<html>`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r4` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 127 instances; 127 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Document has a valid lang attribute. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r4 on 127 of 1667 scanned pages (127 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: <html>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r4 against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5641a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056071.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5753a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050472.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047031.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046191.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047291.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0012_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm

…and more — 127 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r4.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a valid lang attribute to <html>.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm

---

## Form elements must have labels (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-86f9c871`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fafffee0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `#searchBox`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 70 instances; 68 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256" type="text" style="width: 230px;">
```

### Description
Form elements must have labels. Detected by axe-core rule label on 68 of 1667 scanned pages (70 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: #searchBox
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023a3.htm?s_cid=mm6023a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945a3.htm?s_cid=mm5945a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a5.htm?s_cid=mm6001a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5946a5.htm?s_cid=mm5946a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5940a4.htm?s_cid=mm5940a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a14.htm?s_cid=su6203a14_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5941a7.htm?s_cid=mm5941a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945a2.htm?s_cid=mm5945a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6410a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5940a3.htm?s_cid=mm5940a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2004_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a4.htm?s_cid=mm6040a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6002a4.htm?s_cid=mm6002a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2005_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6038a3.htm?s_cid=mm6038a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2007.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a4.htm?s_cid=mm6012a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2013_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5903a2.htm

…and more — 68 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate every form control with a <label> (via for/id) or an aria-label/aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023a3.htm?s_cid=mm6023a3_w

---

## Select element must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-54255e13`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fab92378`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#medicine`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `select-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<select id="medicine" onchange="window.location = this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;">
```

### Description
Select element must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule select-name on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html.
2. Locate the element: #medicine
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule select-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-use-the-nicotine-lozenge.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-combine-medicines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Kidney+diseases

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the <select> an accessible name via a <label> or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-use-the-nicotine-lozenge.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-combine-medicines.html

---

## Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7e317440`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-1467ea8a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization  
**XPath / selector:** `#natality-mortality-trends_dashboard_desc`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 16 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="text" id="natality-mortality-trends_dashboard_desc" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="-1">
```

### Description
Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-attr on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (16 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization.
2. Locate the element: #natality-mortality-trends_dashboard_desc
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-attr against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/engcontrols/about/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove ARIA attributes that aren't allowed on this role/element.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/engcontrols/about/index.html

---

## Buttons must have discernible text (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fd813a7e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e7298c00`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/about/acerca-del-vih.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#search__icon`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `button-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W26 (1 week)

### HTML snippet
```html
<button id="search__icon" class="c-search__icon"></button>
```

### Description
Buttons must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule button-name on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/about/acerca-del-vih.html.
2. Locate the element: #search__icon
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule button-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/about/acerca-del-vih.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via its text content, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI

---

## Interactive controls must not be nested (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5d0b82bb`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58301a87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#acc-header-2`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `nested-interactive` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 14 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-2" aria-controls="acc-panel-2" aria-expanded="f
```

### Description
Interactive controls must not be nested. Detected by axe-core rule nested-interactive on 14 of 1667 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html.
2. Locate the element: #acc-header-2
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule nested-interactive against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/php/antibody-seroprevalence/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/people-with-mental-health-conditions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/newsletters/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/hiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/about/impact/campaign-impact-results.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/teens/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/enfermedades/tabaquismo-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/newsletters.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/secstatusTable.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/card-game/facts-and-feels/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/poblaciones/afroamericanos.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't nest interactive controls (e.g. a button inside a link); split them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/php/antibody-seroprevalence/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/people-with-mental-health-conditions.html

---

## Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ecbde7d5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f76c7ea`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html  
**XPath / selector:** `iframe`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `frame-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 17 instances; 12 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Dgt8tTw1AMM?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.cdc.gov?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.
```

### Description
Frames must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule frame-title on 12 of 1667 scanned pages (17 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html.
2. Locate the element: iframe
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule frame-title against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/prediabetes/risktest/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cervical-cancer/es/screening/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/webinars/Health-US-annual-perspective.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/hcp/clinician-resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/about/acerca-del-vih.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heads-up/guidelines/returning-to-school.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/historias-para-dejar-de-fumar/daniel.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/migration-border-health/work-in-southeast-asia/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hearher/caring
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/webinars/health-disparities-HP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/resources/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <iframe> a descriptive title attribute.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/prediabetes/risktest/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cervical-cancer/es/screening/index.html

---

## ARIA commands must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0bbd7039`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-5c82bd60`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#id-r1- > .table-container > table > thead > tr > th:nth-child(1) > .sort-icon[role="button"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-command-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span role="button" class="sort-icon"><svg class="up" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 5"><path d="M0 5l5-5 5 5z"></path></svg><svg class="down" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" vi
```

### Description
ARIA commands must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-command-name on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html.
2. Locate the element: #id-r1- > .table-container > table > thead > tr > th:nth-child(1) > .sort-icon[role="button"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-command-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/strengthening-laboratory-systems-outbreak-response.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the command (button/link/menuitem) an accessible name via text or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/strengthening-laboratory-systems-outbreak-response.html

---

## Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7f280d17`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a48e6078`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r8` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 86 instances; 36 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 36 of 1667 scanned pages (86 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: <input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5946a5.htm?s_cid=mm5946a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/aerosol-nasal-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a14.htm?s_cid=su6203a14_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-use-the-nicotine-lozenge.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/es/digital-online-checklist/4-months.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-combine-medicines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2004_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a4.htm?s_cid=mm6040a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2007.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a4.htm?s_cid=mm6012a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2013_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5917a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6049a3.htm?s_cid=mm6049a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a7.htm?s_cid=mm6001a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/global/gtss/gtssdata/help/data_doc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6022a7.htm?s_cid=mm6022a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w

…and more — 36 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r8.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm

---

## Component with same name serves same purpose (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-95fd94e3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a2a3dffb`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r90` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 11 instances; 10 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Component with same name serves same purpose. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r90 on 10 of 1667 scanned pages (11 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html.
2. Locate the element: <div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r90 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/people-with-mental-health-conditions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/newsletters/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/about/impact/campaign-impact-results.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/teens/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/weekly_conted.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/newsletters.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/secstatusTable.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/card-game/facts-and-feels/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/people-with-mental-health-conditions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/newsletters/index.html

---

## Button has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a9def967`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-29f9f921`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<span role="button" class="sort-icon">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r12` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Button has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r12 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <span role="button" class="sort-icon">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r12 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via text, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12

---

## Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2d4f050c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-be8d563e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `i > span > b`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `color-contrast` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 393 instances; 286 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<b>Please note:</b>
```

### Description
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 286 of 1667 scanned pages (393 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w.
2. Locate the element: i > span > b
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000678.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5019a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000017.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000732.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023a3.htm?s_cid=mm6023a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945a3.htm?s_cid=mm5945a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5539a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a5.htm?s_cid=mm6001a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm

…and more — 286 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__color-contrast.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm

---

## Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced) (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b60c4acc`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7e99f4b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Please note:"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r69` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1387 instances; 254 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r69 on 254 of 1667 scanned pages (1387 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w.
2. Locate the element: text: "Please note:"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r69 against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dnpao-state-local-programs/php/data-research/communication-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/clinical-care/management-and-treatment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/updated-bird-flu-poses-low-risk.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cfa-modeling-and-forecasting/about/explainer-transmission-models.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/candida-auris/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitamin-k-deficiency/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/post-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/careers/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fsalmonella%2Fgeneral%2Findex.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/about/leadership/nchs.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/careers
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/emergency/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lls/php/communications-resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/administration/after.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/by-disease/pneumo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s0725-three-human-cases-of-h5-bird-flu.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-prevention/lifestyle-change-program/ndpp-medicare-program.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/echinococcosis/about

…and more — 254 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r69.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AA (4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html

---

## lang attribute must have a valid value (WCAG 3.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6fda5385`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-dd1c019f`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/wash-your-hands-factsheet.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="View"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.2 — Language of Parts (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `valid-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a aria-label="View" target="_blank" class="cdc-block-link" href="/natural-disasters/media/pdfs/2024/08/factsheet-wash-your-hands_Hawaiian-508.pdf" lang="__">
```

### Description
lang attribute must have a valid value. Detected by axe-core rule valid-lang on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/wash-your-hands-factsheet.html.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="View"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule valid-lang against WCAG 3.1.2 Language of Parts.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/wash-your-hands-factsheet.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI

---

## Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e1ac5a30`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-646b1e0b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "An official website of the United States government "`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.6 — Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r66` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 21315 instances; 665 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 665 of 1667 scanned pages (21315 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "An official website of the United States government "
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/dialysis-event.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html

…and more — 665 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r66.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm

---

## Link is distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f08a3eff`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fbf54eba`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="peerreviewed">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r74` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3538 instances; 241 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Link is distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r74 on 241 of 1667 scanned pages (3538 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="peerreviewed">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r74 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/for_authors/index.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0235.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0187.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm

…and more — 241 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r74.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm

---

## Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f9614fa8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2208081b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="peerreviewed">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r73` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 49520 instances; 233 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 233 of 1667 scanned pages (49520 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="peerreviewed">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524a5.htm?s_cid=mm6524a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6543a2.htm?s_cid=mm6543a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5946a5.htm?s_cid=mm5946a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm

…and more — 233 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r73.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm

---

## Scrollable element is keyboard accessible (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e4be2879`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-388b5438`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="toc">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r80` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 382 instances; 5 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Scrollable element is keyboard accessible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r80 on 5 of 1667 scanned pages (382 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="toc">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r80 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Rural_Health_Disparities.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/2016_TOC.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/2020_TOC.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/toc.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Rural_Health_Disparities.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/2016_TOC.htm

---

## Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e1b9421f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-cb53cc4d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="/infectious-diseases-labs/site.html" class="cdc-logo__title">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.5 — Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r111` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 23055 instances; 759 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 759 of 1667 scanned pages (23055 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="/infectious-diseases-labs/site.html" class="cdc-logo__title">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/dialysis-event.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html

…and more — 759 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r111.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm

---

## All page content should be contained by landmarks (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-36c41092`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f18df681`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `small`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `region` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 10188 instances; 1544 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<small class="ml-2">An official website of the United States government <button class="cdc-header-official-notice-header-btn">Here's how you know <span class="cdc-header-official-notice-header-icon x1
```

### Description
All page content should be contained by landmarks. Detected by axe-core rule region on 1544 of 1667 scanned pages (10188 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html.
2. Locate the element: small
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule region.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/getting-rid-of-cleaning-products-and-other-chemicals-factsheet.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table4_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/comprehensive-cancer-control/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/data-research/investigation-summaries.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mening/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/dialysis-event.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7425a1.htm?s_cid=mm7425a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nehrs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/stories/brian.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2000-108_sp

…and more — 1544 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__region.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Wrap all page content in landmarks (header, nav, main, footer) so users can navigate by region.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/getting-rid-of-cleaning-products-and-other-chemicals-factsheet.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w

---

## Form elements should have a visible label (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-66702325`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33841929`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.smallfield`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label-title-only` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 65 instances; 65 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input class="smallfield" type="text" name="email" size="15" title="Insert e-mail" value="Insert e-mail" onfocus="this.value=''">
```

### Description
Form elements should have a visible label. Detected by axe-core rule label-title-only on 65 of 1667 scanned pages (65 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: .smallfield
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label-title-only.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0180_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0167.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0007_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0012_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/10_0096.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0233_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/09_0207_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0156.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0231_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0158_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0168_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0067_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0034_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0106_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0204_es.htm

…and more — 65 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label-title-only.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm

---

## Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-298745da`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d25f622d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `h3`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `heading-order` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 792 instances; 549 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3><strong>Summary</strong></h3>
```

### Description
Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 549 of 1667 scanned pages (792 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w.
2. Locate the element: h3
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7425a1.htm?s_cid=mm7425a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/stories/brian.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2000-108_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/309002.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db554.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000678.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7038a1.htm?s_cid=mm7038a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5019a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket138.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-233/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000732.htm

…and more — 549 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__heading-order.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html

---

## Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-114a5603`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8806389c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention  
**XPath / selector:** `.page-right-rail__static`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-unique` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 470 instances; 467 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary" style="margin-top: 47px;">
```

### Description
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 467 of 1667 scanned pages (470 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention.
2. Locate the element: .page-right-rail__static
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention
- https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mening/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nehrs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/es/about/acerca-del-vrs.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/programs/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/php/pcr-bestpractices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dnpao-state-local-programs/php/data-research/communication-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tornadoes/es/safety/directrices-de-seguridad-durante-de-un-tornado.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/careers/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/misconceptions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/clinical-care/management-and-treatment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wildfires/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/bird-flu-update-052424.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-health-practice/php/data-research/uncover-eh-findings/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/updated-bird-flu-poses-low-risk.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/primary-immunodeficiency/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/asia/thailand.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cfa-modeling-and-forecasting/about/explainer-transmission-models.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/contributors-and-acknowledgements.html

…and more — 467 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-unique.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention
- https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html

---

## Document should have one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-be2f597b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d5d82446`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-one-main` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 343 instances; 343 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
Document should have one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-one-main on 343 of 1667 scanned pages (343 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-one-main.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000678.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5632md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5019a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000017.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000732.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023a3.htm?s_cid=mm6023a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945a3.htm?s_cid=mm5945a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5539a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm

…and more — 343 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-one-main.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Each page should have exactly one <main> landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047023.htm

---

## Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-721c54c6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa44f293`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/comprehensive-cancer-control/site.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `page-has-heading-one` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 73 instances; 73 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html lang="en-us" class="cdc-theme-cdc cdc-page-type--content">
```

### Description
Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 73 of 1667 scanned pages (73 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/comprehensive-cancer-control/site.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/comprehensive-cancer-control/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/cold-stress/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/kidney-disease/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cdc-info
- https://www.cdc.gov/minority-health/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6550md.htm?s_cid=mm6550md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/seat-belts/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/index.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/elizabethkingia/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/inflammatory-bowel-disease
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/data-modernization/php/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rx-awareness/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/aspergillosis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/candidiasis/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pregnancy/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nssp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/watch-me-training/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-polio-vaccination/index.html

…and more — 73 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__page-has-heading-one.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/comprehensive-cancer-control/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/cold-stress/site.html

---

## The skip-link target should exist and be focusable (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-51623b92`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4edfe386`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#az"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `skip-link` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 18 instances; 18 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="#az" class="skippy" title="Salte directo al listado de A-Z">Salte directo al listado de A-Z</a>
```

### Description
The skip-link target should exist and be focusable. Detected by axe-core rule skip-link on 18 of 1667 scanned pages (18 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#az"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule skip-link.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0110_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0080_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0256_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0039_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0213_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0320_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0274_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0208_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0121_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0315_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0155_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0119_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0191_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0050_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0118_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Ensure the skip link targets a real, focusable element (its href must match an existing id).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0110_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0080_es.htm

---

## scope attribute should be used correctly (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0526b64a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0ba8ce9d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html  
**XPath / selector:** `tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scope-attr-valid` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 64 instances; 9 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td scope="row">Back of the Throat</td>
```

### Description
scope attribute should be used correctly. Detected by axe-core rule scope-attr-valid on 9 of 1667 scanned pages (64 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html.
2. Locate the element: tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scope-attr-valid.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0244.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0236.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/avian-situation-update-05032024.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0156.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/protective-clothing/standards.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0307.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/about/cancers-caused-by-hpv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0244.htm

---

## Table header text should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6e39cef3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d69fc059`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/309002.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th[colspan="5"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-table-header` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 48 instances; 22 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th colspan="5"><!-- --></th>
```

### Description
Table header text should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-table-header on 22 of 1667 scanned pages (48 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/309002.html.
2. Locate the element: th[colspan="5"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-table-header.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/309002.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0156.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2012-134
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6038a3.htm?s_cid=mm6038a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5911a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5903a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026md.htm?s_cid=mm6026md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jan/04_0075.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0180.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0012.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6047md.htm?s_cid=mm6047md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6005md.htm?s_cid=mm6005md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travelers-with-additional-considerations/travelers-with-hiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5932a5.htm?s_cid=mm5932a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6013md.htm?s_cid=mm6013md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5926a2.htm?s_cid=mm5926a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2018-2020.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5834a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/67641.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/309002.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0156.htm

---

## ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-839e3f0d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4fac2f41`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.d-xxl-none.d-xl-block.cdc-viewports:nth-child(4) > .ds-8.card-btn[href$="#challenge"] > .card-p-right.bg-white.card-body > .align-items-center.row > .card-body-left.col > .vs-resize > img[alt="shield icon"][role="presentation"][decoding="async"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-role` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 25 instances; 18 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="shield icon" role="presentation" src="/vitalsigns/template-options/images/shield-icon.png?_=40314">
```

### Description
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 18 of 1667 scanned pages (25 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html.
2. Locate the element: .d-xxl-none.d-xl-block.cdc-viewports:nth-child(4) > .ds-8.card-btn[href$="#challenge"] > .card-p-right.bg-white.card-body > .align-items-center.row > .card-body-left.col > .vs-resize > img[alt="shield icon"][role="presentation"][decoding="async"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2021-101
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltach/enroll.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-137/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety-systems/resources/v-safe-info-sheets.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-157
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2002-149.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-141/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/clinic-planning/running.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_meeting.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2011-128_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-101/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-141
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2002-149_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2011-132sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-111/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/homedialysis/enroll.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2021-101

---

## Headings should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-507174fc`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0066c67d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html  
**XPath / selector:** `h3:nth-child(202)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-heading` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 8 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3>&nbsp;</h3>
```

### Description
Headings should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-heading on 8 of 1667 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html.
2. Locate the element: h3:nth-child(202)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-heading.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5716a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5651a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5409a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5609a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5642a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove empty headings or give them text. Don't use heading tags for spacing.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5716a1.htm

---

## Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-21a924c8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f528778d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th[scope="col"]:nth-child(2) > .img-fluid[alt="Original Source"][decoding="async"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-redundant-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="Original Source" style="height:76px !important;width:80px !important;" src="/statesystem/images/DataSource80x76.png?_=31471">
```

### Description
Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text. Detected by axe-core rule image-redundant-alt on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html.
2. Locate the element: th[scope="col"]:nth-child(2) > .img-fluid[alt="Original Source"][decoding="async"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-redundant-alt.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI

---

## Tables should not have the same summary and caption (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a810a52b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-234b2c77`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization  
**XPath / selector:** `table[aria-labelledby="natality_data_dashboard_label"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `table-duplicate-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/table-duplicate-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table aria-labelledby="natality_data_dashboard_label" summary="Natality Data Dashboards" class="tabletabs table">
```

### Description
Tables should not have the same summary and caption. Detected by axe-core rule table-duplicate-name on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization.
2. Locate the element: table[aria-labelledby="natality_data_dashboard_label"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule table-duplicate-name.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/table-duplicate-name?application=axeAPI

---

## Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6971f473`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c18be945`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Skip directly to search"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r57` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8315 instances; 588 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r57 on 588 of 1667 scanned pages (8315 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Skip directly to search"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r57.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/dialysis/dialysis-event.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2023/prevalence_tables/table8_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/general-public.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dnpao-state-local-programs/php/data-research/communication-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524a5.htm?s_cid=mm6524a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Global_Response_Cardiovascular_Disease.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket150.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/minority-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/access-to-health-care.htm

…and more — 588 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r57.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/drugservice/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm

---

## aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-34d8d3d2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e05344b9`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@aria-label="Official website of the United States government"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r18` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 421 instances; 384 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 384 of 1667 scanned pages (421 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html.
2. Locate the element: @aria-label="Official website of the United States government"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/signs-symptoms/sintomas-de-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-133_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dnpao-state-local-programs/php/data-research/communication-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/minority-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/clinical-care/management-and-treatment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/hcp/trainings/naloxone-interactive-patient-case-leon-w.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/updated-bird-flu-poses-low-risk.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/primary-immunodeficiency/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/cfa-modeling-and-forecasting/about/explainer-transmission-models.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/candida-auris/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitamin-k-deficiency/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization
- https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/post-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/careers/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fsalmonella%2Fgeneral%2Findex.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/chemical-emergencies/chemical-fact-sheets/index.html

…and more — 384 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r18.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/rsv-iis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-adults/es/recommended-vaccines/como-pagar-las-vacunas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html

---

## Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9c8f6cb4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f054f4a4`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r53` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 406 instances; 280 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 280 of 1667 scanned pages (406 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524a5.htm?s_cid=mm6524a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket150.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7417a2.htm?s_cid=mm7417a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6543a2.htm?s_cid=mm6543a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0054.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/historias/nathan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket248a.html

…and more — 280 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r53.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e1.htm?s_cid=mm7117e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html

---

## No obsolete or deprecated elements are used (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e049b988`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d033717`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r70` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 157 instances; 157 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
No obsolete or deprecated elements are used. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r70 on 157 of 1667 scanned pages (157 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r70.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000800.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0032.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0227.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0026_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5612a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0059.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5946a5.htm?s_cid=mm5946a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5516a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5641a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056071.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5753a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050472.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082_zhs.htm

…and more — 157 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r70.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0080.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711md.htm

---

## Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7ac0c599`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2cd767ca`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<h5>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r78` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 84 instances; 77 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 77 of 1667 scanned pages (84 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w.
2. Locate the element: <h5>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524a5.htm?s_cid=mm6524a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket150.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/minority-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6543a2.htm?s_cid=mm6543a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket248a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2017-194/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/press/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/php/guidance-investigating-outbreaks/mold-healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-nutrition/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6534a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket002.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524e3.htm?s_cid=mm6524e3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/19_0446.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/seat-belts/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket063c.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket328.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/14_0170.htm

…and more — 77 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r78.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6535a1.htm?s_cid=mm6535a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/statesystem/glossaryandmethodology.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket321.html

---

## Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-387a9191`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7118fead`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r61` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 68 instances; 68 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 68 of 1667 scanned pages (68 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5934a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6012a6.htm?s_cid=mm6012a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5946a5.htm?s_cid=mm5946a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment
- https://www.cdc.gov/cdc-info
- https://www.cdc.gov/minority-health/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a14.htm?s_cid=su6203a14_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/seat-belts/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/data-modernization/php/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/14_0170.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a4.htm?s_cid=mm6040a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/aspergillosis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/candidiasis/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0400a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/es/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/es/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/site.html

…and more — 68 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r61.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/respectful-maternity-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a3.htm?s_cid=mm6033a3_w

---

## Presentational attribute (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-68b85670`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-04a9d28c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `th`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `presentational-attr`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 5482 instances; 38 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th class="row1left" rowspan="2" scope="col" align="left" valign="bottom">Survey item</th>
```

### Description
Presentational attribute (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule presentational-attr on 38 of 1667 scanned pages (5482 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm.
2. Locate the element: th
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule presentational-attr.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0080_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0470.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0583.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/rr/rr7202a1.htm?s_cid=rr7202a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0555.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7245a1.htm?s_cid=mm7245a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033545.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0244.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031788.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0034_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5717a9.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5625a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Kidney+diseases
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0478.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5718a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7244a3.htm?s_cid=mm7244a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0111.htm

…and more — 38 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__presentational-attr.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0210a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320a2.htm?s_cid=mm7320a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm

---

## Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f0b860a4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3fb891c5`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<fieldset>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r60` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 20 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 20 of 1667 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <fieldset>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2004_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/14_0170.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0400a.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/contact/accessibility.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2007.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0320_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2013_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0274_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0400.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0208_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5915a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firefighters/fffipp/contact.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cdc-info/es/contact-us.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nchs_listservs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0155_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0119_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0191_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0015_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2004_su.html

---

## Obsolete <font> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ade15a1d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-91d2294a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `font-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 168 instances; 18 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font size="3" face="Arial, Helvetica, Verdana" color="#FFFFFF"><i><b>Weekly</b></i></font>
```

### Description
Obsolete <font> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule font-element on 18 of 1667 scanned pages (168 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule font-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a4.htm?s_cid=mm6040a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033545.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031788.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5717a9.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5625a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5908a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5718a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5602a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5938a3.htm?s_cid=mm5938a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5710a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050158.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050422.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a5.htm?s_cid=mm6040a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5610a2.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5735a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm

---

## Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7e5011b7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f2542d87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<pre>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r79` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 57 instances; 15 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 15 of 1667 scanned pages (57 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm.
2. Locate the element: <pre>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056071.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050472.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033948.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049600.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047758.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00053391.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032598.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00034545.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035439.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025750.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048550.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050158.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050448.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045731.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056071.htm

---

## Obsolete <big> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-cefa72e3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7845739d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `big`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `big-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 17 instances; 12 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big>
```

### Description
Obsolete <big> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule big-element on 12 of 1667 scanned pages (17 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm.
2. Locate the element: big
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule big-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033545.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031788.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5717a9.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5625a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5718a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5602a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050158.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050422.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5610a2.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031797.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5223a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00033545.htm

---

## Obsolete <center> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-08a36595`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-20060f39`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `center`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `center-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 12 instances; 6 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<center>
  <table border="0" width="140" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    
    <tbody><tr>
      <td width="140" bgcolor="#8A9683"><img border="0" src="www.cdc.gov/navimages/spacer.gif" width="140
```

### Description
Obsolete <center> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule center-element on 6 of 1667 scanned pages (12 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: center
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule center-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0034_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0239_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0209_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0034_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058.htm

---

## Tables are used for tabular data, not layout (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-17d7b420`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d3b2245`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/resources/global-health-center-fact-sheet.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div class="cdc-slider cdc-slider--layout-small" id="DFESliderVCiVXY28FP" data-loop="true" data-responsive="{"0":"1","991":"2.34"}">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r40` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W26 (3 weeks)

### Description
Tables are used for tabular data, not layout. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r40 on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/resources/global-health-center-fact-sheet.html.
2. Locate the element: <div class="cdc-slider cdc-slider--layout-small" id="DFESliderVCiVXY28FP" data-loop="true" data-responsive="{"0":"1","991":"2.34"}">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r40.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/resources/global-health-center-fact-sheet.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/maternal-mortality/php/erase-mm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2023/hepatitis-c/figure-3-3.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/resources/global-health-center-fact-sheet.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-analysis-tools/urban-rural.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/maternal-mortality/php/erase-mm

---

## Keyboard trap does not exist (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1cdac3fa`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4c341c77`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00492.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="disclaimer">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r85` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard trap does not exist. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r85 on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00492.html.
2. Locate the element: <p class="disclaimer">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r85.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00492.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00493.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/historias-para-dejar-de-fumar/daniel.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00492.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00493.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/historias-para-dejar-de-fumar/daniel.html

---

## Form field error is identified and described (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-640ba699`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e43903a1`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<span class="subscript">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r75` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 12 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Form field error is identified and described. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r75 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (12 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: <span class="subscript">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r75.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5915a7.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5909a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5915a7.htm

---

## Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-901619b3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e5ec42f0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/adsc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="h6">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r72` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 154 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W26 (1 week)

### Description
Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r72 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (154 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/adsc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="h6">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r72.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/adsc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/adsc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2012_toc.htm

---

## Element with orientation is not locked (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7d984a24`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7fbb8b20`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r59` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Element with orientation is not locked. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r59 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r59.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firefighters/registry/dashboard.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firefighters/registry/dashboard.html

---

## First focusable element is link to main content (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-32d06010`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-aa242c2d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r87` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
First focusable element is link to main content. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r87 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r87.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firefighters/registry/dashboard.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firefighters/registry/dashboard.html

---

## Assertive live region is marked as atomic (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3754b0d2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c461a167`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="4">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r54` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### Description
Assertive live region is marked as atomic. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r54 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="4">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r54.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/data/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54

---

## Obsolete <blink> element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-24c202cb`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a84da368`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `blink-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W26 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
Obsolete <blink> element. Detected by deprecated-html rule blink-element on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule blink-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5604a5.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.