# Accessibility bug reports — www.cdc.gov, week 2026-W27

73 issue type(s) from 1667 pages scanned. Generated 2026-07-18 by [vital-scans](https://github.com/mgifford/vital-core), following [accessibility bug-reporting best practices](https://mgifford.github.io/ACCESSIBILITY.md/examples/ACCESSIBILITY_BUG_REPORTING_BEST_PRACTICES.html).

> Automated checks find roughly a third of accessibility barriers. Fields marked "requires manual testing" cannot be observed by an automated scan and need a human with assistive technology.

---
## Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5ff32d9b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-179ad9b3`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#nav-group-b7162" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse" aria-controls="nav-group-b7162">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.8 — Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r113` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2638 instances; 285 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 285 of 1667 scanned pages (2638 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#nav-group-b7162" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse" aria-controls="nav-group-b7162">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/safetyculturehc/module-4/9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/medication-safety-component/glycemic-control/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/other/urine.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/stories/jessica.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00026055.htm

…and more — 285 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r113.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm

---

## Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9722a47b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7dba940`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="/ecoli/about/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="<em>E. coli</em> Infection (<em>Escherichia coli</em>)">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.3 — Label in Name (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r14` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 132 instances; 78 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 78 of 1667 scanned pages (132 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="/ecoli/about/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="<em>E. coli</em> Infection (<em>Escherichia coli</em>)">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Without speech** (0.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nis/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/legionella/communication-resources/infographic.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/risk-factors/pais.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nora/councils/agff.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-water-sanitation-hygiene/es/stories/innovations-for-the-field.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/about/acerca-de-los-niveles-bajos-de-azucar-en-la-sangre-hipoglucemia.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/data-interoperability/php/mdn/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/hcp/pandemic/sharps-disposal-mass-vaccination.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance-laboratory-networks/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2002-101_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/cdc/policies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/uterine-cancer/es/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stillbirth/es/about/actividades-de-los-cdc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/water-emergency/es/about/how-to-make-water-safe.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/drinking-water/es/about/water-quality-and-your-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/es/milestones-in-action/15-months.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-water-sanitation-hygiene/es/about/about-global-sanitation.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2005-137_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/articles/articulos-sobre-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/es/milestones-app/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-health-tracking/php/data-research/air-quality-outdoor.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/lead/programs/index.html

…and more — 78 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r14.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nis/about/index.html

---

## Images must have alternative text (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7d831a0d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9074b4dd`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `td[rowspan="2"][width="10"]:nth-child(1) > img[alt=" "][width="10"][src$="spacer.gif"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 3273 instances; 352 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" " border="0">
```

### Description
Images must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule image-alt on 352 of 1667 scanned pages (3273 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm.
2. Locate the element: td[rowspan="2"][width="10"]:nth-child(1) > img[alt=" "][width="10"][src$="spacer.gif"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-alt against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5710md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015682.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015131.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047283.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050544.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5650a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031075.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm

…and more — 352 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__image-alt.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> a meaningful alt attribute. Use alt="" only for decorative images so screen readers skip them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm

---

## Image has accessible name (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-079d1d57`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a24eaa8c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r2` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1664 instances; 190 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Image has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r2 on 190 of 1667 scanned pages (1664 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm.
2. Locate the element: <img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r2 against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00026055.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019640.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017935.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701a8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5512a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049990.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/jul/cover.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5817a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5511a7.htm

…and more — 190 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r2.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> an accessible name (alt text), or alt="" if purely decorative.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5f94de7c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9429bb8d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#accordion-8`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-children` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 14 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="accordion indicator-plus accordion-white mb3" id="accordion-8" role="tablist">
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-children on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (14 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html.
2. Locate the element: #accordion-8
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-children against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add the child roles this container role requires (e.g. a list needs listitem children).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI

---

## <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4c0a58b3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a0bdbdf6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html  
**XPath / selector:** `li:nth-child(3) > ul`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 31 instances; 25 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ul>
```

### Description
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 25 of 1667 scanned pages (31 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html.
2. Locate the element: li:nth-child(3) > ul
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048384.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019640.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017935.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017102.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031435.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047872.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016506.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001935.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/prevention/worker-protection-ppe.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020700.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025629.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/child-obesity-screening/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/prevention/worker-protection-ppe.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fflu%2Favianflu%2Fh5%2Fworker-protection-ppe.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020285.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021072.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5210a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017890.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-07.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016232.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm

---

## Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a75b07d4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-07ba3b17`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_6"] > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_raw_html > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_raw_html > table`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `td-headers-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 6 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="table table-sm table-bordered nein-scroll fs08">
```

### Description
Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl. Detected by axe-core rule td-headers-attr on 6 of 1667 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_6"] > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_raw_html > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_raw_html > table
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule td-headers-attr against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table3_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2016-2018.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-schedule-vaccines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-adolescent-age.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/info-resources.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate data cells with their headers correctly using headers/id or scope.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table3_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2016-2018.html

---

## <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol> (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fbe283ae`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6175596b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/prevention/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.table.dfe-table.table-no-header:nth-child(7) > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[data-col="2"][role="cell"] > li`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `listitem` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 18 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<li>People who are 6 years or older</li>
```

### Description
<li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. Detected by axe-core rule listitem on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (18 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/prevention/index.html.
2. Locate the element: .table.dfe-table.table-no-header:nth-child(7) > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[data-col="2"][role="cell"] > li
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule listitem against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/group-b-strep/es/prevention/prevencion-enfermedad-por-estreptococo-grupo-b-recien-nacidos.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** <li> must be inside a <ul> or <ol>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/group-b-strep/es/prevention/prevencion-enfermedad-por-estreptococo-grupo-b-recien-nacidos.html

---

## Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4cf7e767`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d6097011`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<ul>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r68` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1062 instances; 80 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 80 of 1667 scanned pages (1062 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html.
2. Locate the element: <ul>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fleas/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/risk-factors/pais.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/resources/video.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cannabis/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/faqs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/aging-programs/php/nhbi/recipients.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/about/acerca-de-los-niveles-bajos-de-azucar-en-la-sangre-hipoglucemia.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/autism/treatment/accessing-services.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bmi/child-teen-calculator/widget.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-aging/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/meetings/presentation-slides-june-26-28-2024.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/locs/php/calls/2024/2024-08.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rap/sap/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/plague/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/partners/funded-national-partners.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-health-tracking/php/data-research/air-quality-outdoor.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/treatment/your-diabetes-care-schedule.html

…and more — 80 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r68.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html

---

## Element has required aria-owns (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-28a8fe47`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4408605e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<th scope="col">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r46` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 44 instances; 6 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Element has required aria-owns. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r46 on 6 of 1667 scanned pages (44 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: <th scope="col">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r46 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table3_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-adolescent-age.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html

---

## aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-87bc452e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9207ed51`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@headers="t3r9c1 t3r1c3"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r45` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 36 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r45 on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (36 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html.
2. Locate the element: @headers="t3r9c1 t3r1c3"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r45 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table3_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2016-2018.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-adolescent-age.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2024/prevalence_tables/table3_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2016-2018.html

---

## Element has required owned roles (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-56092ee8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3c632d31`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r64` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Element has required owned roles. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r64 on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a2.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r64 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5113a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5135a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0613.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5113a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5135a3.htm

---

## Table cell has header (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6fe1a401`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f067795`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<td scope="col">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r77` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 35 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Table cell has header. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r77 on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (35 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: <td scope="col">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r77 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm

---

## Info and Relationships (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-81cb55dd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33b49e3b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<th id="t1r3c1" rowspan="2" headers="t1r1c1">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r76` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W27 (2 weeks)

### Description
Info and Relationships. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r76 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <th id="t1r3c1" rowspan="2" headers="t1r1c1">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r76 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/surveillance/respiratory-illnesses/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76

---

## Links must be distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f375ec42`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8ade3360`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.all-pages`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-in-text-block` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 39 instances; 25 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="all-pages" href="#toc">All pages <span class="cdc-fa-arrow-down-long"></span></a>
```

### Description
Links must be distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by axe-core rule link-in-text-block on 25 of 1667 scanned pages (39 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html.
2. Locate the element: .all-pages
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-in-text-block against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/health-care-outbreak-toolkit/notification-testing-guidance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/clinicians1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2024/overview.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/uti/hcp/clinical-guidance/culture-stewardship-sustain.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/school-safety/program/ch-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/avian-timeline/2010-2019.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5417a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/prevention-epicenters/duke-unc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/isolation-precautions/prevention.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health-partners/php/healthy-communities/phase-3-prioritization-and-planning.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/hcp/clinical-guidance/evaluation-diagnosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/vaccine-considerations/appendices.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/laboratory-professional-vaccine-compliance-effect-safety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/preventing-mdros/case-studies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/hepatitis-a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/info-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/preventing-mdros/mdro-prevention-strategies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/worker-safety/ppe-training-materials.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/vaccine-considerations/contraindications-precautions.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html

---

## Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2f8f9db7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-efd91fdd`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a class="" href="/nchs/data/databriefs/db548.pdf#4" target="_blank" data-rel="noopener">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r62` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r62 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a class="" href="/nchs/data/databriefs/db548.pdf#4" target="_blank" data-rel="noopener">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r62 against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make links visually distinguishable from surrounding text (not by color alone).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62

---

## Scrollable region must have keyboard access (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3db815ca`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c613c153`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/treatment/tuberculosis-disease.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.table-responsive > div`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scrollable-region-focusable` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 14 instances; 5 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
```

### Description
Scrollable region must have keyboard access. Detected by axe-core rule scrollable-region-focusable on 5 of 1667 scanned pages (14 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/treatment/tuberculosis-disease.html.
2. Locate the element: .table-responsive > div
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scrollable-region-focusable against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/treatment/tuberculosis-disease.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb-programs/php/evaluation/diabetes-example.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-07.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/preventing-mdros/mdro-prevention-strategies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/rss/round1/breast-cancer.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make scrollable regions keyboard-focusable (tabindex="0") so keyboard users can scroll them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/treatment/tuberculosis-disease.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb-programs/php/evaluation/diabetes-example.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-07.html

---

## <blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used (WCAG 2.2.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5fe72544`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4b45acfe`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `i > font[color="#FF0000"] > blink`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.2.2 — Pause, Stop, Hide (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `blink` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 12 instances; 9 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big>Please note: </big></blink>
```

### Description
<blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used. Detected by axe-core rule blink on 9 of 1667 scanned pages (12 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: i > font[color="#FF0000"] > blink
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule blink against WCAG 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5650a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701a8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5510a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5211a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4906a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5649a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5613a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m2e411a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5650a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701a8.htm

---

## Documents must have <title> element to aid in navigation (WCAG 2.4.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1cda8beb`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c80d5faa`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `#js`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.2 — Page Titled (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `document-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/document-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" id="js">
```

### Description
Documents must have <title> element to aid in navigation. Detected by axe-core rule document-title on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm.
2. Locate the element: #js
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule document-title against WCAG 2.4.2 Page Titled.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the page a unique, descriptive <title>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/document-title?application=axeAPI

---

## Document has a title element (WCAG 2.4.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-860c49a5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0728f339`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.2 — Page Titled (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r1` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r1))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (2 weeks)

### Description
Document has a title element. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r1 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r1 against WCAG 2.4.2 Page Titled.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r1

---

## Links must have discernible text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ffd48287`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e9fe47ac`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="email.do"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 235 instances; 120 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/email.do" onclick="openRequestedPopup(); return false;" class="noLinking">&nbsp;</a>
```

### Description
Links must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule link-name on 120 of 1667 scanned pages (235 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="email.do"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-name against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0112_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0409.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/clia/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5650a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ophdst/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/apr/06_0062_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/hcp/clinical-guidance/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0060_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0118_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/jul/cover.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/19_0058.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm

…and more — 120 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-name.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link discernible text. Avoid empty links and icon-only links without an aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm

---

## Link has accessible name (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e5e79a3b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-28ebd979`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/email.do" onclick="openRequestedPopup(); return false;" class="noLinking">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r11` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 127 instances; 64 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Link has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r11 on 64 of 1667 scanned pages (127 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/email.do" onclick="openRequestedPopup(); return false;" class="noLinking">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r11 against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0409.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/clia/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/jul/cover.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/19_0058.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0175_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0066.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5510a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0052_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0168a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0173_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5817a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5810a1_ensp.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058_fr.htm

…and more — 64 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r11.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link an accessible name via text content or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm

---

## <html> element must have a lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d9a6ade2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c126b6a6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `html-has-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 333 instances; 333 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
<html> element must have a lang attribute. Detected by axe-core rule html-has-lang on 333 of 1667 scanned pages (333 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule html-has-lang against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5710md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015682.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015131.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047283.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050544.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5650a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031075.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5251a4.htm

…and more — 333 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__html-has-lang.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a lang attribute to <html> (e.g. lang="en").

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm

---

## Document has a valid lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-06d1dd0f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7a0e5645`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<html>`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r4` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 177 instances; 177 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Document has a valid lang attribute. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r4 on 177 of 1667 scanned pages (177 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm.
2. Locate the element: <html>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r4 against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00026055.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019640.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017935.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701a8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5512a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049990.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/jul/cover.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5511a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5652md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5622a2.htm

…and more — 177 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r4.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a valid lang attribute to <html>.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm

---

## Form elements must have labels (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-86bf9ae8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fafffee0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#searchBox`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 65 instances; 65 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256" type="text" style="width: 230px;">
```

### Description
Form elements must have labels. Detected by axe-core rule label on 65 of 1667 scanned pages (65 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w.
2. Locate the element: #searchBox
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5902a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6049a1.htm?s_cid=mm6049a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5930a3.htm?s_cid=mm5930a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6116a2.htm?s_cid=mm6116a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6028a6.htm?s_cid=mm6028a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5944a2.htm?s_cid=mm5944a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5928a3.htm?s_cid=mm5928a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023a6.htm?s_cid=mm6023a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/bmi/child-teen-calculator/widget.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5938a5.htm?s_cid=mm5938a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/index92.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5925a5.htm?s_cid=mm5925a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5905a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5932a2.htm?s_cid=mm5932a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6009a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6007a6.htm?s_cid=mm6007a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a5.htm?s_cid=mm6033a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6051a1.htm?s_cid=mm6051a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6027a4.htm?s_cid=mm6027a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6025a3.htm

…and more — 65 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate every form control with a <label> (via for/id) or an aria-label/aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5902a3.htm

---

## Select element must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f41d73c7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fab92378`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Health+insurance  
**XPath / selector:** `#year_group`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `select-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<select id="year_group" class="filter_dropdowns" style="width:100%">
```

### Description
Select element must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule select-name on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Health+insurance.
2. Locate the element: #year_group
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule select-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Health+insurance

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the <select> an accessible name via a <label> or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI

---

## Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-04e64b75`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f76c7ea`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/resources/video.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-yt-id="UZSu5BeVWNQ"] > iframe`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `frame-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 42 instances; 13 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/UZSu5BeVWNQ?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.cdc.gov?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.
```

### Description
Frames must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule frame-title on 13 of 1667 scanned pages (42 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/resources/video.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-yt-id="UZSu5BeVWNQ"] > iframe
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule frame-title against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/resources/video.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/php/multimedia-and-tools/mcrc-overview.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-state-local/php/strategy-resources/screening-testing-and-referral.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/caregivers/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/aspergillosis/php/guidance/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/breast-cancer/es/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-prevention/testimonials/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/museum/history/we-were-there.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-prevention/programs/videos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/air-quality/php/outdoor-air-quality-communications-toolkit/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/breast-ovarian-cancer-hereditary/testing/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/building-a-healthy-habit.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/php/variants/variants-and-genomic-surveillance.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <iframe> a descriptive title attribute.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/resources/video.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/php/multimedia-and-tools/mcrc-overview.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-state-local/php/strategy-resources/screening-testing-and-referral.html

---

## ARIA commands must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3f9462e4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-5c82bd60`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th:nth-child(1) > .sort-icon[role="button"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-command-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 48 instances; 4 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span role="button" class="sort-icon"><svg class="up" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 5"><path d="M0 5l5-5 5 5z"></path></svg><svg class="down" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" vi
```

### Description
ARIA commands must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-command-name on 4 of 1667 scanned pages (48 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html.
2. Locate the element: th:nth-child(1) > .sort-icon[role="button"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-command-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/data/covid-impact.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the command (button/link/menuitem) an accessible name via text or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html

---

## Interactive controls must not be nested (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7e33e31b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58301a87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#acc-header-8`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `nested-interactive` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0" role="tab" id="acc-header-8" href="#acc-panel-8" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-8" aria-controls="acc-panel-8" aria-expanded="true"><butt
```

### Description
Interactive controls must not be nested. Detected by axe-core rule nested-interactive on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html.
2. Locate the element: #acc-header-8
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule nested-interactive against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi/methods.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't nest interactive controls (e.g. a button inside a link); split them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi/methods.html

---

## Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-82f7d8b3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a48e6078`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r8` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 33 instances; 31 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 31 of 1667 scanned pages (33 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: <input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6116a2.htm?s_cid=mm6116a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/bmi/child-teen-calculator/widget.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5938a5.htm?s_cid=mm5938a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Health+insurance
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5925a5.htm?s_cid=mm5925a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6009a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6007a6.htm?s_cid=mm6007a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a5.htm?s_cid=mm6033a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6027a4.htm?s_cid=mm6027a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5417a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5950a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5930a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5951a1.htm?s_cid=mm5951a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5942md.htm?s_cid=mm5942md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm63e0529a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6010a8.htm?s_cid=mm6010a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6452a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5906a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5936a7.htm?s_cid=mm5936a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6026a1.htm?s_cid=mm6026a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6007a4.htm?s_cid=mm6007a4_w

…and more — 31 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r8.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm

---

## Button has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ae87ee69`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-29f9f921`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<span role="button" class="sort-icon">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r12` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 25 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Button has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r12 on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (25 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html.
2. Locate the element: <span role="button" class="sort-icon">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r12 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/topics.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via text, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/topics.html

---

## Component with same name serves same purpose (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-25a6a2c3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a2a3dffb`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0" role="tab" id="acc-header-8" href="#acc-panel-8">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r90` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Component with same name serves same purpose. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r90 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html.
2. Locate the element: <div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0" role="tab" id="acc-header-8" href="#acc-panel-8">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r90 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi/methods.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/training/continuing-edu/cbts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi/methods.html

---

## Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8d4eb089`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-be8d563e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.wm-label`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `color-contrast` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 545 instances; 372 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span class="wm-label" style="position: absolute; left: 3px; display: inline; cursor: text; color: rgb(204, 204, 204);">Escoja un tema</span>
```

### Description
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 372 of 1667 scanned pages (545 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: .wm-label
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5710md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015682.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0112_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015131.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047283.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050544.htm

…and more — 372 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__color-contrast.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm

---

## Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced) (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bd6b03e5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7e99f4b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Related Pages"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r69` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1395 instances; 248 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r69 on 248 of 1667 scanned pages (1395 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Related Pages"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r69 against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/aian/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fleas/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nis/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nssp/php/partnerships/emotional-well-being-of-children-studied.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/about/leadership/nchhstp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/risk-factors/pais.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10163
- https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/osteoarthritis/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/2020/overview.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/vector-borne-diseases/communication-resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluvaxview/coverage-by-season/2022-2023.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-state-local/php/strategy-resources/screening-testing-and-referral.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/lead/bll-reference/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/actions-prevent-flu.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infant-toddler-nutrition/breastfeeding/travel-recommendations.html

…and more — 248 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r69.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AA (4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html

---

## Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6)

**Bug ID:** `VS-dedce6cd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-646b1e0b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "
					Here's how you know
					"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.6 — Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r66` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20477 instances; 634 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 634 of 1667 scanned pages (20477 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "
					Here's how you know
					"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7218a2.htm?s_cid=mm7218a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mmr/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7101a3.htm?s_cid=mm7101a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm

…and more — 634 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r66.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html

---

## Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-32c51bac`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2208081b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="smallgrey">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r73` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 37668 instances; 297 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 297 of 1667 scanned pages (37668 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="smallgrey">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0409.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627e1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w

…and more — 297 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r73.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm

---

## Link is distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-db407995`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fbf54eba`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="dfe-curated-link__title">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r74` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19489 instances; 292 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Link is distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r74 on 292 of 1667 scanned pages (19489 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <p class="dfe-curated-link__title">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r74 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/aian/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0409.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm

…and more — 292 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r74.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm

---

## Scrollable element is keyboard accessible (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e1039cc4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-388b5438`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="deck">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r80` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Scrollable element is keyboard accessible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r80 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="deck">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r80 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/current_issue.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/current_issue.htm

---

## Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3af4b270`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-cb53cc4d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<button class="btn btn-outline-white btn-arrow-down btn-fancy" id="megaButton">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.5 — Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r111` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 23048 instances; 781 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 781 of 1667 scanned pages (23048 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <button class="btn btn-outline-white btn-arrow-down btn-fancy" id="megaButton">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7218a2.htm?s_cid=mm7218a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mmr/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7101a3.htm?s_cid=mm7101a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm

…and more — 781 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r111.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html

---

## All page content should be contained by landmarks (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3191fb6d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f18df681`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-site-gov-notice`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `region` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 12091 instances; 1580 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="cdc-site-gov-notice noindex noprint" aria-label="Official website of the United States government">
```

### Description
All page content should be contained by landmarks. Detected by axe-core rule region on 1580 of 1667 scanned pages (12091 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-site-gov-notice
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule region.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training
- https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/php/guidance/case-definitions-influenza-a-h3n2v-virus.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/updates/upd-04-08-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2010-113_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/keyfacts.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0315.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity-basics/adding-older-adults/what-counts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-for-work-other/mass-gatherings.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/diagnosis-testing/tissue-tests-for-dengue-virus.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html

…and more — 1580 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__region.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Wrap all page content in landmarks (header, nav, main, footer) so users can navigate by region.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training
- https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/php/guidance/case-definitions-influenza-a-h3n2v-virus.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html

---

## Form elements should have a visible label (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5500bdec`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33841929`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.smallfield`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label-title-only` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 67 instances; 67 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input class="smallfield" type="text" name="email" size="15" title="Insérer un courriel" value="Insérer un courriel" onfocus="this.value=''">
```

### Description
Form elements should have a visible label. Detected by axe-core rule label-title-only on 67 of 1667 scanned pages (67 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: .smallfield
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label-title-only.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/apr/06_0062_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0060_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0118_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0083_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0175_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0066.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0173_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0175.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0083_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0081_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0276_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0028_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0230.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0018_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/10_0035_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0116.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0077_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0264.htm

…and more — 67 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label-title-only.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm

---

## Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3b82e9cf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d25f622d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.float-right`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `heading-order` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 760 instances; 536 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h6 class="float-right">August 2013</h6>
```

### Description
Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 536 of 1667 scanned pages (760 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html.
2. Locate the element: .float-right
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0315.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7218a2.htm?s_cid=mm7218a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7101a3.htm?s_cid=mm7101a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7145a1.htm?s_cid=mm7145a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015682.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db522.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/strongyloidiasis/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/safetyculturehc/module-4/9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0112_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a2.htm

…and more — 536 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__heading-order.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229A.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm

---

## Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-51da8d15`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8806389c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training  
**XPath / selector:** `.page-right-rail__static`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-unique` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 478 instances; 475 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary" style="margin-top: 47px;">
```

### Description
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 475 of 1667 scanned pages (478 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training.
2. Locate the element: .page-right-rail__static
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/keyfacts.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity-basics/adding-older-adults/what-counts.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-for-work-other/mass-gatherings.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/diagnosis-testing/tissue-tests-for-dengue-virus.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease-and-stroke-data/data-vis/id-rural-cvd-telehealth.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/education/self-study-modules-on-tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/one-health/php/stories/influenza-and-zoonoses-education-among-youth-in-agriculture.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/birth-defects/about/craniosynostosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nors/data/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/php/laboratories/rtpcr-test-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/php/community-design-visual-guide/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/es/treatment/manejo-del-dengue.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fleas/about/index.html

…and more — 475 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-unique.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lab-training
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/keyfacts.htm

---

## Document should have one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0d607102`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d5d82446`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-one-main` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 426 instances; 426 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
```

### Description
Document should have one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-one-main on 426 of 1667 scanned pages (426 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-one-main.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm?s_cid=mm6019a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0169_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5710md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015682.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0112_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015131.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm

…and more — 426 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-one-main.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Each page should have exactly one <main> landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm

---

## Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1a516eec`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa44f293`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `page-has-heading-one` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 94 instances; 94 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html lang="en-us" class="cdc-2022 theme-blue cdc-page-type-splash cdc-tp5 cdc-2020 mobile-nav">
```

### Description
Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 94 of 1667 scanned pages (94 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/es/el-tetanos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/hib-aian-infants-etr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/wastewater-surveillance/Flu-A-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/members/members-archive.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hurricanes/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/gisvaxview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/early-care-education/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2014/default.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/maps/gisx
- https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/PCV20-prev-vax-adults-19-64-risk-based.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fellowships/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/stress-coping/help-children-cope/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/face-masks-public-transportation.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/cwhsp/site.html

…and more — 94 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__page-has-heading-one.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html

---

## The skip-link target should exist and be focusable (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-dbc4f0ec`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4edfe386`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#az"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `skip-link` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 19 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="#az" class="skippy" title="Salte directo al listado de A-Z">Salte directo al listado de A-Z</a>
```

### Description
The skip-link target should exist and be focusable. Detected by axe-core rule skip-link on 19 of 1667 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#az"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule skip-link.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0112_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0052_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0333_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0106_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0176_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0121_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0322_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0071_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0113_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0165_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0190_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0211_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Ensure the skip link targets a real, focusable element (its href must match an existing id).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm

---

## scope attribute should be used correctly (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5d2ce77a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0ba8ce9d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `td:nth-child(1)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scope-attr-valid` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 260 instances; 15 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td scope="col"><strong>Percentage and number of women 15-49 years of age (of all marital statuses) who have impaired fecundity (i.e., who are not surgically sterile, and for whom it is difficult or i
```

### Description
scope attribute should be used correctly. Detected by axe-core rule scope-attr-valid on 15 of 1667 scanned pages (260 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: td:nth-child(1)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scope-attr-valid.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/vaccine-supply/2022-2023.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb-data/aboutprovisionaldata/2025-provisional-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0326.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0020.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/vaccines/protect-infants.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0232.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0250.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0368.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/rr/RR7004a1.htm?s_cid=RR7004a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0478.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-07.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/info-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/preventing-mdros/mdro-prevention-strategies.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/general-surveillance.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/vaccine-supply/2022-2023.html

---

## Banner landmark should not be contained in another landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ac18c48a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-30db094d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.alert`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-banner-is-top-level` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-banner-is-top-level?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W27, last seen 2026-W27 (1 week)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="alert bg-amber-tertiary relative false" role="banner">
```

### Description
Banner landmark should not be contained in another landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-banner-is-top-level on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html.
2. Locate the element: .alert
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-banner-is-top-level.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Put the banner landmark (<header>) at the top level, not nested inside another landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-banner-is-top-level?application=axeAPI

---

## Document should not have more than one banner landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bf14e385`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-054101da`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#top`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-no-duplicate-banner` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<header id="top" class="app-header" role="banner">
```

### Description
Document should not have more than one banner landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html.
2. Locate the element: #top
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use only one banner landmark (<header> at the top level) per page.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI

---

## ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-81366ac7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4fac2f41`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.d-xxl-none.d-xl-block.cdc-viewports:nth-child(4) > .ds-8.card-btn[href$="#challenge"] > .card-p-right.bg-white.card-body > .align-items-center.row > .card-body-left.col > .vs-resize > img[alt="shield icon"][role="presentation"][decoding="async"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-role` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 38 instances; 29 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="shield icon" role="presentation" src="/vitalsigns/template-options/images/shield-icon.png?_=40314">
```

### Description
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 29 of 1667 scanned pages (38 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html.
2. Locate the element: .d-xxl-none.d-xl-block.cdc-viewports:nth-child(4) > .ds-8.card-btn[href$="#challenge"] > .card-p-right.bg-white.card-body > .align-items-center.row > .card-body-left.col > .vs-resize > img[alt="shield icon"][role="presentation"][decoding="async"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2010-113_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2005-155_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/clia/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2023-111spa/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-146
- https://www.cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/guidance/ppe-clinically-stable-puis.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2019-112_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2002-101_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-226/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2014-140/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2012-123_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2005-137_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/community-preparedness.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-230/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2019-101/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/dialysis-infections/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-132
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/wp-solutions/2014-125/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2008-132
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-115/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-130/default.html

…and more — 29 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__aria-allowed-role.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hepc-treatment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2010-113_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2005-155_sp

---

## Table header text should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2a9417e9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d69fc059`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.table-responsive:nth-child(5) > table > thead > .valign-middle:nth-child(1) > th[scope="col"]:nth-child(1)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-table-header` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 396 instances; 29 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th scope="col"></th>
```

### Description
Table header text should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-table-header on 29 of 1667 scanned pages (396 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: .table-responsive:nth-child(5) > table > thead > .valign-middle:nth-child(1) > th[scope="col"]:nth-child(1)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-table-header.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0060_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5930a3.htm?s_cid=mm5930a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5944a2.htm?s_cid=mm5944a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/questionnaires/modules/state2014.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6617a1.htm?s_cid=ss6617a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5905a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5754a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/vaccines/protect-infants.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/treatment/tuberculosis-disease.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0176_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/childvaxview/publications-resources/nis-child-2016-2018.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0264.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jan/04_0078.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5942md.htm?s_cid=mm5942md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/rr/RR7004a1.htm?s_cid=RR7004a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033md.htm?s_cid=mm6033md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5945md.htm?s_cid=mm5945md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6051md.htm?s_cid=mm6051md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-07.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/108247.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/index.html

…and more — 29 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__empty-table-header.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5827a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0060_es.htm

---

## Headings should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c42709bb`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0066c67d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `li:nth-child(2) > h3`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-heading` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 21 instances; 11 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3></h3>
```

### Description
Headings should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-heading on 11 of 1667 scanned pages (21 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: li:nth-child(2) > h3
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-heading.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5615a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/nsfg_combining_data.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/Other/plugins
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5113a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/idlhintr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5135a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0613.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5548a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db454.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove empty headings or give them text. Don't use heading tags for spacing.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5615a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/nsfg_combining_data.htm

---

## Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d2b59388`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f528778d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `img[title="m6627a1f1"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-redundant-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="The figure above is a histogram, an epidemiologic curve showing the 65 measles cases by date of rash onset in an outbreak in Minnesota during March 30–May 
```

### Description
Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text. Detected by axe-core rule image-redundant-alt on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: img[title="m6627a1f1"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-redundant-alt.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm

---

## Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-85611adf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c18be945`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Skip directly to search"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r57` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8111 instances; 556 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r57 on 556 of 1667 scanned pages (8111 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Skip directly to search"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r57.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7218a2.htm?s_cid=mm7218a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mmr/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7101a3.htm?s_cid=mm7101a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/aian/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/safetyculturehc/module-4/9.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/php/laboratories/rtpcr-test-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/php/interventions/index.html

…and more — 556 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r57.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html

---

## aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d8a874ec`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e05344b9`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@aria-label="Official website of the United States government"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r18` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 404 instances; 391 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 391 of 1667 scanned pages (404 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html.
2. Locate the element: @aria-label="Official website of the United States government"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/hcp/toolkits/kit-de-herramientas-para-ninos-con-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity/features/10-reasons-to-get-moving.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/hcp/domestic-guidance/tuberculosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleeping-sickness/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mmr/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/training-development/php/about/evaluate-training-building-an-evaluation-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/pneumococcal-vaccination-laws-ambulatory-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/current-vis/varicella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/aian/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/php/laboratories/rtpcr-test-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/hepatitis-b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/php/interventions/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/es/el-tetanos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fleas/about/index.html

…and more — 391 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r18.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/practices/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm

---

## Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-15f214fe`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f054f4a4`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h4>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r53` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 370 instances; 273 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 273 of 1667 scanned pages (370 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h4>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7218a2.htm?s_cid=mm7218a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7101a3.htm?s_cid=mm7101a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/safetyculturehc/module-4/9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0409.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/stories/jessica.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627e1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/rr/rr6701a1.htm

…and more — 273 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r53.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/i-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm

---

## No obsolete or deprecated elements are used (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d276e9a2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d033717`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r70` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 215 instances; 215 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
No obsolete or deprecated elements are used. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r70 on 215 of 1667 scanned pages (215 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r70.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5407a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000707.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5720a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015022.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5249a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020301.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00026055.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019640.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017935.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6116a2.htm?s_cid=mm6116a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5701a8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5512a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049990.htm

…and more — 215 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r70.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050429.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm

---

## Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0cbcfdd9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7118fead`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r61` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 90 instances; 90 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 90 of 1667 scanned pages (90 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5907a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/programs/stateandlocal/funded-programs/dp18-1815.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/es/el-tetanos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/hib-aian-infants-etr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/wastewater-surveillance/Flu-A-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6018a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/early-care-education/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a5.htm?s_cid=mm5939a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2014/default.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6116a2.htm?s_cid=mm6116a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm

…and more — 90 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r61.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/anthrax/site.html

---

## Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6dc249e2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2cd767ca`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3 class="h3">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r78` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 84 instances; 68 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 68 of 1667 scanned pages (84 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3 class="h3">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nis/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/assessing-improving-school-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627e1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6549a6.htm?s_cid=mm6549a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6514a4.htm?s_cid=mm6514a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6506a2.htm?s_cid=mm6506a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/locs/php/messages/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539e2.htm?s_cid=mm6539e2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6544a11.htm?s_cid=mm6544a11_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7147a2.htm?s_cid=mm7147a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6541a4.htm?s_cid=mm6541a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6617a1.htm?s_cid=ss6617a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/disaster-epidemiology-and-response/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0052_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6502a4.htm?s_cid=mm6502a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5754a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/eis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/success-stories/tb-diagnostic-treatment-mentorship.html

…and more — 68 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r78.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/spotlights/2020-2021/pediatric-flu-deaths.htm

---

## Presentational attribute (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4f8edd58`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-04a9d28c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `body`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `presentational-attr`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4365 instances; 54 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" class=" dmat-load-complete">
<!-- report header -->
<!--webbot bot="Include" U-Include="../../headers_footers/repo
```

### Description
Presentational attribute (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule presentational-attr on 54 of 1667 scanned pages (4365 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: body
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule presentational-attr.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5930a3.htm?s_cid=mm5930a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7112e2.htm?s_cid=mm7112e2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6514a4.htm?s_cid=mm6514a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021930.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5817a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000007.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049561.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7334a4.htm?s_cid=mm7334a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5747md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5810a1_ensp.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046991.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020157.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5526a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6627a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5330a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0028_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016712.htm

…and more — 54 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__presentational-attr.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm

---

## Obsolete <font> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e7f1578f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-91d2294a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `font-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 254 instances; 36 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font size="3" face="Arial, Helvetica, Verdana" color="#FFFFFF"><i><b>Weekly</b></i></font>
```

### Description
Obsolete <font> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule font-element on 36 of 1667 scanned pages (254 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule font-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5930a3.htm?s_cid=mm5930a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021930.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5817a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000007.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049561.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5932a2.htm?s_cid=mm5932a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6007a6.htm?s_cid=mm6007a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5747md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5810a1_ensp.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046991.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020157.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5526a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5330a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0028_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016712.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001905.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016265.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5940a1.htm?s_cid=mm5940a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015636.htm

…and more — 36 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__font-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm

---

## Obsolete <big> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-007ff15b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7845739d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `big`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `big-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 28 instances; 25 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big>
```

### Description
Obsolete <big> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule big-element on 25 of 1667 scanned pages (28 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: big
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule big-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021930.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000007.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5711a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049561.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046991.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020157.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5526a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5330a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016712.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001905.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016265.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015636.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049336.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001321.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021845.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5210a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021796.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m2e411a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5715a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025174.htm

---

## Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8812289d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3fb891c5`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<fieldset>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r60` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 16 instances; 16 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 16 of 1667 scanned pages (16 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <fieldset>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0114_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2006.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0023_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0052_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5754a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0322_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/stem/contact/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5914a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0071_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0113_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0190_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/contact/accessibility.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0127_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0260_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0117_es.htm

---

## Obsolete <center> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-abfcb5b0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-20060f39`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `center`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `center-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 10 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<center>
  <table border="0" width="140" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    
    <tbody><tr>
      <td width="140" bgcolor="#8A9683"><img border="0" src="www.cdc.gov/navimages/spacer.gif" width="140
```

### Description
Obsolete <center> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule center-element on 10 of 1667 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm.
2. Locate the element: center
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule center-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0028_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0215_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0083_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0177_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0194.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0192_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0014.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0091a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/11_0028_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0167_zht.htm

---

## Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a30e3ba6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f2542d87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<pre>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r79` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 9 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 9 of 1667 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm.
2. Locate the element: <pre>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022160.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035643.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049497.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046149.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00044836.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049336.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049790.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00025400.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00032737.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022160.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035643.htm

---

## Tables are used for tabular data, not layout (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5d4c8664`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d3b2245`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container bottom data us outline-none position-relative">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r40` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 8 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W27 (4 weeks)

### Description
Tables are used for tabular data, not layout. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r40 on 8 of 1667 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html.
2. Locate the element: <div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container bottom data us outline-none position-relative">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r40.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/php/projects/ssun.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cogh/ihregulations.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/data/demographics-and-healthcare-utilization-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tourette-syndrome/communication-resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/international-infection-control/hcp/about/iicb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/use-screening-tests/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/buprenorphine-dispensing-maps.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/outbreaks/map-organic-walnuts-04-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/php/projects/ssun.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cogh/ihregulations.htm

---

## Form field error is identified and described (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-cc39b3d3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e43903a1`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<small>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r75` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 3 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Form field error is identified and described. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r75 on 3 of 1667 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: <small>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r75.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5914a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5924a5.htm?s_cid=mm5924a5_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5914a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5924a5.htm?s_cid=mm5924a5_w

---

## Element with orientation is not locked (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f2b444ea`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7fbb8b20`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6549md.htm?s_cid=mm6549md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r59` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Element with orientation is not locked. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r59 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6549md.htm?s_cid=mm6549md_w.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r59.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6549md.htm?s_cid=mm6549md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6525md.htm?s_cid=mm6525md_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6549md.htm?s_cid=mm6549md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6525md.htm?s_cid=mm6525md_w

---

## Assertive live region is marked as atomic (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-28c25e97`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c461a167`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="2">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r54` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Assertive live region is marked as atomic. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r54 on 2 of 1667 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="2">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r54.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-b-reduce-deaths.html

---

## First focusable element is link to main content (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-da03fbe0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-aa242c2d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r87` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
First focusable element is link to main content. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r87 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r87.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/needlestick_disposal.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87

---

## Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-11640835`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e5ec42f0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/pulse/functioning-and-disability.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="h6">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r72` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W27 (2 weeks)

### Description
Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r72 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/pulse/functioning-and-disability.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="h6">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r72.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/pulse/functioning-and-disability.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72

---

## Keyboard trap does not exist (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-594ec297`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4c341c77`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6540a10.htm?s_cid=mm6540a10_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<p>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r85` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 13 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard trap does not exist. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r85 on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (13 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6540a10.htm?s_cid=mm6540a10_w.
2. Locate the element: <p>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r85.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6540a10.htm?s_cid=mm6540a10_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85

---

## Obsolete <blink> element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b1ab8a44`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a84da368`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m2e411a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `blink-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1667 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W27 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
Obsolete <blink> element. Detected by deprecated-html rule blink-element on 1 of 1667 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m2e411a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule blink-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m2e411a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.