# Accessibility bug reports — www.cdc.gov, week 2026-W31

82 issue type(s) from 3333 pages scanned. Generated 2026-07-30 by [vital-scans](https://github.com/mgifford/vital-core), following [accessibility bug-reporting best practices](https://mgifford.github.io/ACCESSIBILITY.md/examples/ACCESSIBILITY_BUG_REPORTING_BEST_PRACTICES.html).

> Automated checks find roughly a third of accessibility barriers. Fields marked "requires manual testing" cannot be observed by an automated scan and need a human with assistive technology.

---
## Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c66693d7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-179ad9b3`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#nav-group-ed3cb" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse" aria-controls="nav-group-ed3cb">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.8 — Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r113` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3585 instances; 298 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 298 of 3333 scanned pages (3585 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#nav-group-ed3cb" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse" aria-controls="nav-group-ed3cb">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_vs_infecciones-estafilococos_020623.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a1.htm?s_cid=mm6347a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/74986.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm

…and more — 298 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r113.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm

---

## Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6050815c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7dba940`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a aria-label="View" target="_blank" class="cdc-block-link" href="/respiratory-viruses/tools-resources/downloads/FS-TestTreat-BW-Eng.pdf">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.3 — Label in Name (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r14` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 166 instances; 93 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 93 of 3333 scanned pages (166 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html.
2. Locate the element: <a aria-label="View" target="_blank" class="cdc-block-link" href="/respiratory-viruses/tools-resources/downloads/FS-TestTreat-BW-Eng.pdf">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Without speech** (0.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/falls/communication-resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_vs_infecciones-estafilococos_020623.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clostridium-perfringens/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2004-164_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2012-130_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2010-114sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-and-school-preparedness/about/what-cdc-is-doing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip-recs/hcp/vaccine-specific/rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/es/about/acerca-de-la-meningitis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/diabetes-complications/el-cerebro-y-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2010-118
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/media/es/releases/2026/la-lechuga-iceberg-picada-servida-en-establecimientos-de-taco-bell-es-la-fuente-de-infecciones-por.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/one-health/php/stories/working-together-for-one-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/es/symptoms/sintomas-y-complicaciones-de-la-difteria.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/harmful-algal-blooms/es/prevention/como-prevenir-las-enfermedades-causadas-por-proliferaciones-de-algas-nocivas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/es/travel/ebola-que-hacer-despues-de-viajar.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/risk-factors/los-bebes-los-ninos-y-el-calor.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rift-valley-fever/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2013-138_sp

…and more — 93 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r14.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html

---

## Images must have alternative text (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a7489461`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9074b4dd`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6904 instances; 627 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8">
```

### Description
Images must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule image-alt on 627 of 3333 scanned pages (6904 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-alt against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jul_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5709a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4836a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4940a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017132.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2009_oct_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2006_apr_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00051976.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036609.htm

…and more — 627 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__image-alt.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> a meaningful alt attribute. Use alt="" only for decorative images so screen readers skip them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm

---

## Image has accessible name (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-26864430`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a24eaa8c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r2` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1895 instances; 157 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Image has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r2 on 157 of 3333 scanned pages (1895 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: <img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r2 against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001938.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/sep/10_0044.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5725a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021331.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001770.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0129_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045757.htm

…and more — 157 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r2.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> an accessible name (alt text), or alt="" if purely decorative.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a764ac33`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9429bb8d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.combobox-select`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-children` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ul class="combobox-select" role="listbox">
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-children on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html.
2. Locate the element: .combobox-select
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-children against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add the child roles this container role requires (e.g. a list needs listitem children).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must be contained by particular parents (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6c6baabf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f6d344d5`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `g[transform="translate(8,25)"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-parent` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-parent?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W29, last seen 2026-W31 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<g class="legenditem" role="listitem" transform="translate(8,25)"><rect x="25" y="0" width="55" stroke="#d3d3d3" stroke-width="1px" height="12" class="rect" style="fill: rgb(54, 79, 102);"></rect></g>
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must be contained by particular parents. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-parent on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm.
2. Locate the element: g[transform="translate(8,25)"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-parent against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Place this ARIA role inside its required parent role (e.g. an option must be inside a listbox).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-parent?application=axeAPI

---

## <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-038316f9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a0bdbdf6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `ol`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 64 instances; 36 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ol type="1">
```

### Description
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 36 of 3333 scanned pages (64 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: ol
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049310.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/june_5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/gsi.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046715.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050909.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016275.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/Federal_Register.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017522.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016064.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2bx2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-115
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017664.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017329.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/ppm.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016867.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018847.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047449.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016606.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001551.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017673.htm

…and more — 36 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__list.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm

---

## Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b061007c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-07ba3b17`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `td-headers-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 7 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="table table-striped bg-gray-l1" summary="Procedure Report: Detailed and/or summarized report" frame="box" rules="none" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="7">
```

### Description
Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl. Detected by axe-core rule td-headers-attr on 7 of 3333 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm.
2. Locate the element: table
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule td-headers-attr against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-associated-infections-diseases/hepatitis-a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/covidvaxview/publications/intent-receive-covid19-vaccine-behavioral-social.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma-children-self-managed-edu_2018.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/child-easyread.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/yf-vac-boost.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate data cells with their headers correctly using headers/id or scope.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/adolescent-easyread-es.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-associated-infections-diseases/hepatitis-a.html

---

## <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol> (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c986a237`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6175596b`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/budget-funding/policy-as-public-health-intervention-hiv-viral-hepatitis-stds-tb.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-section="cdc_program_funding_recipents"] > .table.dfe-table.table-no-header > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[role="cell"][data-col="2"] > li`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `listitem` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 30 instances; 6 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<li>Temple University Center for Public Health Law Research (Philadelphia, PA)</li>
```

### Description
<li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. Detected by axe-core rule listitem on 6 of 3333 scanned pages (30 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/budget-funding/policy-as-public-health-intervention-hiv-viral-hepatitis-stds-tb.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-section="cdc_program_funding_recipents"] > .table.dfe-table.table-no-header > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[role="cell"][data-col="2"] > li
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule listitem against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/budget-funding/policy-as-public-health-intervention-hiv-viral-hepatitis-stds-tb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-health/safety/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6203a1.htm?s_cid=mm6203a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/about/california-mass-evacuation-laws.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5514a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** <li> must be inside a <ul> or <ol>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/budget-funding/policy-as-public-health-intervention-hiv-viral-hepatitis-stds-tb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-health/safety/index.html

---

## Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1c9985c0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d6097011`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<ul>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r68` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1242 instances; 99 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 99 of 3333 scanned pages (1242 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html.
2. Locate the element: <ul>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faq/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clostridium-perfringens/about
- http://www.cdc.gov/cannabis/health-effects/poisoning.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/blastomycosis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip-recs/hcp/vaccine-specific/rabies.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/prevention-epicenters/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/seed/research-findings.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/growth-chart-training/hcp/training/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/healthcare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/diabetes-complications/el-cerebro-y-la-diabetes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children/guidance-manual/chapter-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/one-health/php/stories/working-together-for-one-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/hcp/clinical-guidance/prescription-drug-monitoring-programs.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/es/risk-factors/los-bebes-los-ninos-y-el-calor.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rift-valley-fever/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hierarchy/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/about-alcohol-use
- https://www.cdc.gov/pinkbook/hcp/table-of-contents/chapter-10-hepatitis-b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/island-affairs/about/style-referring-territories.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2022nhis.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/meningococcal.html

…and more — 99 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r68.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html

---

## Element has required owned roles (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a00c004d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3c632d31`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7401a1.htm?s_cid=mm7401a1_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<h5 class="h5">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r64` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Element has required owned roles. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r64 on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7401a1.htm?s_cid=mm7401a1_w.
2. Locate the element: <h5 class="h5">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r64 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7401a1.htm?s_cid=mm7401a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/ss/ss7405a1.htm?s_cid=ss7405a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5351a3.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7401a1.htm?s_cid=mm7401a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/ss/ss7405a1.htm?s_cid=ss7405a1_w

---

## Table cell has header (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-138f109d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f067795`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/method-cas9.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<td>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r77` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 58 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Table cell has header. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r77 on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (58 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/method-cas9.html.
2. Locate the element: <td>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r77 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/method-cas9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week18.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/method-cas9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week18.htm

---

## Element has required aria-owns (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e0cd352a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4408605e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/perinatal-hepatitis-b/table-4-1.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<th class="text-light" style="background-color: var(--colors-blue-vivid-60); width: 7.74834%; height: 27px;" scope="col">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r46` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### Description
Element has required aria-owns. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r46 on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/perinatal-hepatitis-b/table-4-1.html.
2. Locate the element: <th class="text-light" style="background-color: var(--colors-blue-vivid-60); width: 7.74834%; height: 27px;" scope="col">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r46 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/perinatal-hepatitis-b/table-4-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0106.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/perinatal-hepatitis-b/table-4-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0106.htm

---

## Links must be distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5b685d21`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8ade3360`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.List-1:nth-child(110) > .List-BUL:nth-child(1) > a`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-in-text-block` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 68 instances; 59 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/hpv.html">http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/hpv.html</a>
```

### Description
Links must be distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by axe-core rule link-in-text-block on 59 of 3333 scanned pages (68 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: .List-1:nth-child(110) > .List-BUL:nth-child(1) > a
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-in-text-block against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/executive-summary.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/glossary.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/about/adjuvants.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-and-school-preparedness/php/interventions/when-students-or-staff-are-sick.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/chemical-disinfectants.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6035a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/low-temperature-sterilization.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/act-early/milestones/30-months.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/updates.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6007a1.htm?s_cid=rr6007a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/introduction-methods-definition-of-terms.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/covid-19.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety/vaccines/meningococcal.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/basics/standard-precautions.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Finfectioncontrol%2Fbasics%2Fstandard-precautions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6043a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/hcp/vaccine-considerations/overview.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6047a4.htm?s_cid=mm6047a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/school-safety/program/ch-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/methods.html

…and more — 59 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-in-text-block.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/executive-summary.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/glossary.html

---

## Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-90db1322`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-efd91fdd`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#eleven">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r62` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 28 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r62 on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (28 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#eleven">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r62 against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/enfermedades/tabaquismo-vih.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make links visually distinguishable from surrounding text (not by color alone).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/enfermedades/tabaquismo-vih.html

---

## Scrollable region must have keyboard access (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d6139eae`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c613c153`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.table-responsive`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scrollable-region-focusable` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 51 instances; 27 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="table-responsive">
```

### Description
Scrollable region must have keyboard access. Detected by axe-core rule scrollable-region-focusable on 27 of 3333 scanned pages (51 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm.
2. Locate the element: .table-responsive
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scrollable-region-focusable against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fluvaxview/coverage-by-season/pregnant-april-2022.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-associated-infections-diseases/hepatitis-a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-52.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6547a2.htm?s_cid=mm6547a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/methods.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/covidvaxview/publications/intent-receive-covid19-vaccine-behavioral-social.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/table-2-3.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/63/wr/mm6354a1.htm?s_cid=mm6354a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week26.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/code-sets/covid-19-related-codes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-47.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/perinatal-hepatitis-b/table-4-1.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-b1.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/life-expectancy
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-17.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week18.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb-surveillance-report-2023/tables/table-6.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-c/table-3-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/surv-manual/php/table-of-contents/chapter-8-meningococcal-disease.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb-programs/php/evaluation/diabetes-example.html

…and more — 27 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__scrollable-region-focusable.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make scrollable regions keyboard-focusable (tabindex="0") so keyboard users can scroll them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table1-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html

---

## Keyboard (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d07b7245`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58346bcf`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-a.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-bordered table-sm themed" style="width: 100%; height: 137px;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r84` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W31 (4 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r84 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-a.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-bordered table-sm themed" style="width: 100%; height: 137px;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r84 against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/hcp/cleaning-global/appendix-a.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84

---

## <blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used (WCAG 2.2.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d90f0b0c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4b45acfe`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `td[width="100%"][valign="top"] > font[color="#FF0000"] > blink`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.2.2 — Pause, Stop, Hide (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `blink` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 5 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Note:</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
<blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used. Detected by axe-core rule blink on 5 of 3333 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2.htm.
2. Locate the element: td[width="100%"][valign="top"] > font[color="#FF0000"] > blink
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule blink against WCAG 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5625a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4906a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5604a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5625a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4906a1.htm

---

## Links must have discernible text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bfad5e30`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e9fe47ac`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 835 instances; 246 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/"><img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8"></a>
```

### Description
Links must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule link-name on 246 of 3333 scanned pages (835 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-name against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jul_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2009_oct_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0091.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2006_apr_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/OI5E4CA0.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/06_0126.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0097.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10472
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5844a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10358
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm

…and more — 246 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-name.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link discernible text. Avoid empty links and icon-only links without an aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm

---

## Link has accessible name (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b1b7ad23`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-28ebd979`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r11` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 251 instances; 72 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Link has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r11 on 72 of 3333 scanned pages (251 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r11 against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/sep/10_0044.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0129_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0186.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/az/c.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jul/05_0009.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2010_mar_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0066_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0226_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0199_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0577.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2001.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0174_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0178_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0150_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/TE456D70.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0118.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0135.htm

…and more — 72 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r11.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link an accessible name via text content or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm

---

## <html> element must have a lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-cfb1b1bf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c126b6a6`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `html-has-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 600 instances; 600 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
<html> element must have a lang attribute. Detected by axe-core rule html-has-lang on 600 of 3333 scanned pages (600 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule html-has-lang against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jul_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5709a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4836a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4940a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017132.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2009_oct_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2006_apr_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00051976.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036609.htm

…and more — 600 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__html-has-lang.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a lang attribute to <html> (e.g. lang="en").

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm

---

## Document has a valid lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d58256b8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7a0e5645`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<html>`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r4` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 152 instances; 152 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Document has a valid lang attribute. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r4 on 152 of 3333 scanned pages (152 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: <html>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r4 against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001938.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/sep/10_0044.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5725a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021331.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001770.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0129_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045757.htm

…and more — 152 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r4.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a valid lang attribute to <html>.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm

---

## Form elements must have labels (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d46ce944`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fafffee0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#searchBox`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 208 instances; 208 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256" type="text" style="width: 230px;">
```

### Description
Form elements must have labels. Detected by axe-core rule label on 208 of 3333 scanned pages (208 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w.
2. Locate the element: #searchBox
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a2.htm?s_cid=mm6347a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6039a4.htm?s_cid=mm6039a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6021a6.htm?s_cid=mm6021a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041a2.htm?s_cid=mm6041a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a1.htm?s_cid=mm6347a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6035a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6029md.htm?s_cid=mm6029md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6308md.htm?s_cid=mm6308md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a32.htm?s_cid=su6203a32_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6105md.htm?s_cid=mm6105md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6036a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6408a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6320a5.htm?s_cid=mm6320a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6342a6.htm?s_cid=mm6342a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023md.htm?s_cid=mm6023md_w

…and more — 208 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate every form control with a <label> (via for/id) or an aria-label/aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a2.htm?s_cid=mm6347a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w

---

## Select element must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d5e11cdf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fab92378`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `#year_group`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `select-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 26 instances; 13 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<select id="year_group" class="filter_dropdowns" style="width:100%">
```

### Description
Select element must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule select-name on 13 of 3333 scanned pages (26 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm.
2. Locate the element: #year_group
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule select-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6342a6.htm?s_cid=mm6342a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/with-medicine.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Health+care+access
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/combinar-los-medicamentos.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nhsr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/how-to-use-varenicline.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/life-expectancy
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/prov-drug-involved-mortality.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6344a6.htm?s_cid=mm6344a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Nursing+homes
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6343a3.htm?s_cid=mm6343a3_w

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the <select> an accessible name via a <label> or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6342a6.htm?s_cid=mm6342a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/with-medicine.html

---

## Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0c22ab32`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-1467ea8a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/claims/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `p[aria-level="1"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (5 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<p aria-level="1">
```

### Description
Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-attr on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/claims/index.html.
2. Locate the element: p[aria-level="1"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-attr against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/claims/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/facadmin/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove ARIA attributes that aren't allowed on this role/element.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/claims/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/facadmin/index.html

---

## Buttons must have discernible text (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-cbbb9861`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e7298c00`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/prevention/prevenir-el-vih-con-la-prep.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#search__icon`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `button-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W31 (5 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<button id="search__icon" class="c-search__icon"></button>
```

### Description
Buttons must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule button-name on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/prevention/prevenir-el-vih-con-la-prep.html.
2. Locate the element: #search__icon
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule button-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/prevention/prevenir-el-vih-con-la-prep.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via its text content, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/prevention/prevenir-el-vih-con-la-prep.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

---

## Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a2723fd8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f76c7ea`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html  
**XPath / selector:** `iframe`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `frame-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 45 instances; 27 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/0v13jqToXVg?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.cdc.gov?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.
```

### Description
Frames must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule frame-title on 27 of 3333 scanned pages (45 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html.
2. Locate the element: iframe
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule frame-title against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/orr/deo
- http://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaginal-vulvar-cancers/es/symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/safety?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fstopoverdose%2Ffentanyl%2Ffentanyl-test-strips.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/sleep-safely
- http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-prevention/lifestyle-change-program/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/es/communication-resources/recursos-educativos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/youth-violence/risk-factors/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hearher/hcp/videos/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/es/features/skin-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/video-series/exposed-h5n1.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/think-test-treat-tb/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0356
- https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/about/biomonitoring-nutrition.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb-healthcare-settings/hcp/screening-testing/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/es/prevention/prevenir-el-vih-con-la-prep.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/skin-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sexual-violence/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0040
- https://www.cdc.gov/gynecologic-cancer/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/diabetes-tv/your-health-with-joan-lunden.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/CCQDER/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/php/laboratories/specimen-collection.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fmumps%2Flab%2Fspecimen-collect.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/intimate-partner-violence/risk-factors/index.html

…and more — 27 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__frame-title.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <iframe> a descriptive title attribute.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/orr/deo
- http://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/about/index.html

---

## Interactive controls must not be nested (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a2bdbc7a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58301a87`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/talk-testing.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#acc-header-5`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `nested-interactive` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 67 instances; 7 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-5" href="#acc-panel-5" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5" aria-controls="acc-panel-5" aria-expanded="f
```

### Description
Interactive controls must not be nested. Detected by axe-core rule nested-interactive on 7 of 3333 scanned pages (67 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/talk-testing.html.
2. Locate the element: #acc-header-5
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule nested-interactive against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/talk-testing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/about.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/groups/pregnant-planning.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/state_info/coordinators.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/drug_resistant.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/enfermedades/tabaquismo-cancer.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't nest interactive controls (e.g. a button inside a link); split them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/talk-testing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/about.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html

---

## ARIA commands must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0fc031d2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-5c82bd60`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-command-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 59 instances; 6 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span role="button" class="sort-icon"><svg class="up" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 5"><path d="M0 5l5-5 5 5z"></path></svg><svg class="down" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" vi
```

### Description
ARIA commands must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-command-name on 6 of 3333 scanned pages (59 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html.
2. Locate the element: th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-command-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-1.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/ebola/es/situation-summary/ebola-situacion-actual.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2024/hep-b-reduce-infections.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the command (button/link/menuitem) an accessible name via text or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-deaths-nhb.html

---

## Elements must only use permitted ARIA attributes (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b59dbc84`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-ebb1c464`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0040  
**XPath / selector:** `#UNIQUE3056890ef409a144`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-prohibited-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-prohibited-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 16 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W31 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="cdc-card-slider cdc-video-slider slick-initialized slick-slider cdc-carousel-slider" id="UNIQUE3056890ef409a144" aria-label="Carousel">
```

### Description
Elements must only use permitted ARIA attributes. Detected by axe-core rule aria-prohibited-attr on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (16 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0040.
2. Locate the element: #UNIQUE3056890ef409a144
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-prohibited-attr against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0040
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-prohibited-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0040
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

---

## ARIA input fields must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8cc81d57`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0841abc2`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.combobox-select`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-input-field-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-input-field-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (5 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ul class="combobox-select" role="listbox">
```

### Description
ARIA input fields must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-input-field-name on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html.
2. Locate the element: .combobox-select
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-input-field-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/data/activity-levels.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Frespiratory-viruses%2Fdata-research%2Fdashboard%2Factivity-levels.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-input-field-name?application=axeAPI

---

## Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2020d2af`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a48e6078`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r8` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 66 instances; 62 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 62 of 3333 scanned pages (66 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w.
2. Locate the element: <input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a1.htm?s_cid=mm6347a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a32.htm?s_cid=su6203a32_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6036a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6342a6.htm?s_cid=mm6342a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6007a1.htm?s_cid=rr6007a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6336a8.htm?s_cid=mm6336a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6001a24.htm?s_cid=su6001a24_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a10.htm?s_cid=su6203a10_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6020a11.htm?s_cid=mm6020a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6228a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6043a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5908a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6025a2.htm?s_cid=mm6025a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6322a4.htm?s_cid=mm6322a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2001.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6319a8.htm?s_cid=mm6319a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6035a1.htm?s_cid=mm6035a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6110a6.htm?s_cid=mm6110a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6339a8.htm?s_cid=mm6339a8_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5939a1.htm

…and more — 62 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r8.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w

---

## Button has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e33dccbd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-29f9f921`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<span role="button" class="sort-icon">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r12` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 17 instances; 5 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### Description
Button has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r12 on 5 of 3333 scanned pages (17 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html.
2. Locate the element: <span role="button" class="sort-icon">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r12 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/facility-worksheets-guide/36.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0356
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/library?Audience+1=Clinicians&Topic=Treatment
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via text, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/facility-worksheets-guide/36.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0356

---

## Component with same name serves same purpose (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-21216af8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a2a3dffb`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r90` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 60 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Component with same name serves same purpose. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r90 on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (60 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html.
2. Locate the element: <div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r90 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/state_info/coordinators.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/drug_resistant.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/depression-anxiety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/state_info/coordinators.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/drug_resistant.htm

---

## Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-07b940ef`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-be8d563e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `color-contrast` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 1079 instances; 658 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font color="red">Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: <a href="mailto:mmwrq@cdc.gov">mmwrq@cdc.gov</a>
```

### Description
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 658 of 3333 scanned pages (1079 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5709a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4836a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4940a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017132.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/leadership/hiv-director.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6039a4.htm?s_cid=mm6039a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6021a6.htm?s_cid=mm6021a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0091.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00051976.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036609.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5125a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016938.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4838a2.htm

…and more — 658 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__color-contrast.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm

---

## Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced) (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-ef6a6507`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7e99f4b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Related Pages"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r69` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1350 instances; 231 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r69 on 231 of 3333 scanned pages (1350 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Related Pages"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r69 against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/past-reports.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/pre-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parvovirus-b19/about/parvovirus-b19-in-pregnancy.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faq/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clostridium-perfringens/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/vector-borne-diseases/what-cdc-is-doing/centers-of-excellence-in-vector-borne-diseases.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cannabis/health-effects/poisoning.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/blastomycosis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/priorities/breast-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health/health-equity/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/drugs.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/orr/deo
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-and-school-preparedness/about/what-cdc-is-doing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip-recs/hcp/vaccine-specific/rabies.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb-healthcare-settings/hcp/risk-assessment/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/getting-started/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/cat-992g.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/es/about/acerca-de-la-meningitis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/seed/research-findings.html

…and more — 231 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r69.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AA (4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html

---

## Zooming and scaling must not be disabled (WCAG 1.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f0bcd117`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6c86a43a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/congenital_chagas/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `meta[name="viewport"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.4 — Resize Text (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `meta-viewport` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/meta-viewport?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W31, last seen 2026-W31 (1 week)

### HTML snippet
```html
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale = 1, minimum-scale = 1, maximum-scale = 1">
```

### Description
Zooming and scaling must not be disabled. Detected by axe-core rule meta-viewport on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/congenital_chagas/index.html.
2. Locate the element: meta[name="viewport"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule meta-viewport against WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/congenital_chagas/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't disable zoom (user-scalable=no / maximum-scale=1); low-vision users need to zoom.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/meta-viewport?application=axeAPI

---

## lang attribute must have a valid value (WCAG 3.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2e6e53af`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-dd1c019f`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/communication-resources/how-h5-bird-flu-spread-dairy-farm.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > .cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="Download"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.2 — Language of Parts (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `valid-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a lang="__" class="cdc-block-link" href="/bird-flu/media/pdfs/2024/12/how-bird-flu-can-spread-dairy-farm-qanjobal-poster.pdf" aria-label="Download" download="how-bird-flu-can-spread-dairy-farm-qanjob
```

### Description
lang attribute must have a valid value. Detected by axe-core rule valid-lang on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/communication-resources/how-h5-bird-flu-spread-dairy-farm.html.
2. Locate the element: .dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > .cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="Download"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule valid-lang against WCAG 3.1.2 Language of Parts.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/communication-resources/how-h5-bird-flu-spread-dairy-farm.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/other/language-assistance.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/communication-resources/how-h5-bird-flu-spread-dairy-farm.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/other/language-assistance.html

---

## Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2ee3b46c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-646b1e0b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "An official website of the United States government "`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.6 — Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r66` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20135 instances; 672 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 672 of 3333 scanned pages (20135 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "An official website of the United States government "
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/hcp/communication-resources/chlorine-and-ambulances.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6925a5.htm?s_cid=mm6925a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/falls/communication-resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-104.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/past-reports.html

…and more — 672 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r66.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html

---

## Link is distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-eb80995d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fbf54eba`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; color: #333333;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r74` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2525 instances; 310 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Link is distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r74 on 310 of 3333 scanned pages (2525 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; color: #333333;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r74 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-104.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2009-132.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2004-164_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2012-130_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2010-114sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2024-123.html

…and more — 310 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r74.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm

---

## Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d97b8933`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2208081b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r73` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 43232 instances; 281 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 281 of 3333 scanned pages (43232 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a1.htm?s_cid=mm6347a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a32.htm?s_cid=su6203a32_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6036a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2021/21_0143a.htm

…and more — 281 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r73.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm

---

## Scrollable element is keyboard accessible (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bd49d349`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-388b5438`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `<p>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r80` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 13 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Scrollable element is keyboard accessible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r80 on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (13 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: <p>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r80 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Health_Disparities_Collection_2018.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/toc.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80

### Example pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/Health_Disparities_Collection_2018.htm

---

## Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5)

**Bug ID:** `VS-940c97b7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-cb53cc4d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#print" class="print-link" aria-label="print this page" onclick="window.print()">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.5 — Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r111` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 24151 instances; 775 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 775 of 3333 scanned pages (24151 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#print" class="print-link" aria-label="print this page" onclick="window.print()">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/hcp/communication-resources/chlorine-and-ambulances.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w

…and more — 775 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r111.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm

---

## All page content should be contained by landmarks (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a5ecb04f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f18df681`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[cellpadding="0"][width="100%"]:nth-child(5) > tbody > tr:nth-child(2)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `region` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 24457 instances; 3082 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<tr>
```

### Description
All page content should be contained by landmarks. Detected by axe-core rule region on 3082 of 3333 scanned pages (24457 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[cellpadding="0"][width="100%"]:nth-child(5) > tbody > tr:nth-child(2)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule region.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/about-access/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7027e2.htm?s_cid=mm7027e2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0311.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a2.htm?s_cid=mm6347a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu-burden/php/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/cryptosporidium/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jul_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dental-infection-control/hcp/training/index.html

…and more — 3082 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__region.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Wrap all page content in landmarks (header, nav, main, footer) so users can navigate by region.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html

---

## Form elements should have a visible label (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d98901c7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33841929`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.smallfield`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label-title-only` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 157 instances; 157 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input class="smallfield" type="text" name="email" size="15" title="Insérer un courriel" value="Insérer un courriel" onfocus="this.value=''">
```

### Description
Form elements should have a visible label. Detected by axe-core rule label-title-only on 157 of 3333 scanned pages (157 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: .smallfield
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label-title-only.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/06_0126.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0097.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0115_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/sep/10_0044.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0128_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0058_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0049_es.htm

…and more — 157 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label-title-only.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm

---

## Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9d920f02`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7430f84c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#content"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `tabindex` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="skippy visually-hidden-focusable" href="#content" tabindex="1">Skip to site content</a>
```

### Description
Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero. Detected by axe-core rule tabindex on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#content"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule tabindex.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish
- https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cme/congenital_chagas/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Avoid tabindex values greater than 0; they create a confusing tab order.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

---

## ARIA dialog and alertdialog nodes should have an accessible name (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-813817a6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa724f90`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#tooltip-\:r9\:`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-dialog-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-dialog-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W29, last seen 2026-W31 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a id="tooltip-:r9:" role="dialog" tabindex="0" class="cove-tooltip--target" data-tooltip-float="false" data-tooltip-place="top" data-tooltip-isopen="true">
```

### Description
ARIA dialog and alertdialog nodes should have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-dialog-name on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html.
2. Locate the element: #tooltip-\:r9\:
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-dialog-name.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-28.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the dialog an accessible name (aria-label or aria-labelledby).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-dialog-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-28.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

---

## Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2acdf22d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d25f622d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `h4`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `heading-order` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1508 instances; 1046 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h4>Ann M. Annis, RN, MPH, Mark S. Caulder, MS, MPH, Michelle L. Cook, MPH, 
    Debra Duquette, MS, CGC</h4>
```

### Description
Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 1046 of 3333 scanned pages (1508 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: h4
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7027e2.htm?s_cid=mm7027e2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0311.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/22_0419.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/19_0085.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5709a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4836a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6609a1.htm?s_cid=ss6609a1_e
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6938a2.htm?s_cid=mm6938a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4940a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017132.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm

…and more — 1046 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__heading-order.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7027e2.htm?s_cid=mm7027e2_w

---

## Document should have one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-300313e2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d5d82446`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-one-main` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 864 instances; 864 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
Document should have one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-one-main on 864 of 3333 scanned pages (864 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-one-main.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0147.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a2.htm?s_cid=mm6347a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/nov/10_0267_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jul_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0146.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5709a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4836a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4940a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017132.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020048.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6039a4.htm?s_cid=mm6039a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2009_oct_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0122_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0165.htm

…and more — 864 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-one-main.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Each page should have exactly one <main> landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0131_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a4.htm?s_cid=mm5931a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm

---

## Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5d6d99ce`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8806389c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.page-right-rail__static`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-unique` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 873 instances; 855 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary" style="margin-top: 47px;">
```

### Description
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 855 of 3333 scanned pages (873 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html.
2. Locate the element: .page-right-rail__static
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/about-access/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/es/caring/datos-sobre-el-fentanilo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu-burden/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cryptosporidium/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dental-infection-control/hcp/training/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ndi/apply/ndi-early-release.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/about/how-to-use-insulin.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/hcp/clinical-care/opioid-use-disorder-treating.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/es/about/acerca-del-asma.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wildfires/es/safety/como-prepararse-para-los-incendios-forestales.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/es/sfl/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/pre-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/advanced-molecular-detection/php/investments/american-samoa.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/patient-safety/about/index.html

…and more — 855 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-unique.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/mvps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/about-access/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/teenvaxview/about/index.html

---

## Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-26be1b7f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa44f293`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `page-has-heading-one` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 157 instances; 157 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html lang="en-us" class="cdc-theme-cdc cdc-page-type--home" style="--mobile-header-offset: 0px;">
```

### Description
Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 157 of 3333 scanned pages (157 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer-hereditary/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/june_5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/outbreaks/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/dstd/Stats_Trends/99Chlamydia.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6509md.htm?s_cid=mm6509md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/shared-housing/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/etr.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cre/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/blood-clots/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccine-safety-systems/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/drinking-water-faq.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/es/site.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-124
- http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dq/panel_2007.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6501md.htm?s_cid=mm6501md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2024-2025/data/iliage44.html

…and more — 157 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__page-has-heading-one.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer-hereditary/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/

---

## scope attribute should be used correctly (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1ef518b8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0ba8ce9d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html  
**XPath / selector:** `tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scope-attr-valid` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 254 instances; 24 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td style="width: 518px;" scope="row"><strong>No. of specimens tested</strong></td>
```

### Description
scope attribute should be used correctly. Detected by axe-core rule scope-attr-valid on 24 of 3333 scanned pages (254 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html.
2. Locate the element: tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scope-attr-valid.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-52.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/art/php/nass/data-validation.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-28.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2018/18_0190.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0577.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0499.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-28.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0301a.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/for_authors/top_five.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week24.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week26.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0504.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0035.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/code-sets/covid-19-related-codes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0312.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-47.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/life-expectancy
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-17.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/s.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week18.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb-surveillance-report-2023/tables/table-6.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week27.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-52.html

---

## The skip-link target should exist and be focusable (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4583485d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4edfe386`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#headerSearch"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `skip-link` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 19 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="skippy visually-hidden-focusable" href="#headerSearch" tabindex="2">Skip to search</a>
```

### Description
The skip-link target should exist and be focusable. Detected by axe-core rule skip-link on 19 of 3333 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#headerSearch"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule skip-link.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-124
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0298_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0086_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0107_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6137a1.htm?s_cid=mm6137a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0074_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0198_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0008_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/outbreaks/FL2022.html.
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0170_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0081_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/ecode_matrix.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsas.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0308_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Ensure the skip link targets a real, focusable element (its href must match an existing id).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-124

---

## Contentinfo landmark should not be contained in another landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-19d5b43b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-424cced9`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-footer > footer`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<footer>
```

### Description
Contentinfo landmark should not be contained in another landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-footer > footer
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

---

## Document should not have more than one banner landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1c00ac69`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-054101da`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-header`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-no-duplicate-banner` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (5 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<header class="container cdc-header">
```

### Description
Document should not have more than one banner landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-header
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use only one banner landmark (<header> at the top level) per page.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

---

## Document should not have more than one contentinfo landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f358f321`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-b465dfd7`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-footer`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<footer class="container cdc-footer noindex" role="contentinfo">
```

### Description
Document should not have more than one contentinfo landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-footer
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use only one contentinfo landmark (<footer> at the top level) per page.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish

---

## ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b4fe3575`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4fac2f41`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html  
**XPath / selector:** `img[role="presentation"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-role` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 172 instances; 164 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="/respiratory-viruses/media/images/2025/12/TestTreat-Handout.png" alt="Handout: Testing and Treatment (Color, 11x8.5 in)" role="presentation">
```

### Description
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 164 of 3333 scanned pages (172 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html.
2. Locate the element: img[role="presentation"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2008-116.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2009-115sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-104.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2003-138.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2009-132.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2011-178.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/communication-resources/teen-activity.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2004-164_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2012-130_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2013-133.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2005-155_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-resources/php/files/drug-free-communities-program.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2010-114sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2002-139
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2012-126sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2017-201.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2024-123.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/Federal_Register.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2011-131.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/89-109.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2006-137.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2015-117/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/hcp/numbered/2008-101sp.html

…and more — 164 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__aria-allowed-role.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/stac_faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2008-116.html

---

## Table header text should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c3c6a7e8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d69fc059`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#table-14 > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > .col-head[rowspan="2"]:nth-child(4)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-table-header` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 224 instances; 64 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th class="col-head" scope="col" rowspan="2">
							</th>
```

### Description
Table header text should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-table-header on 64 of 3333 scanned pages (224 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w.
2. Locate the element: #table-14 > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > .col-head[rowspan="2"]:nth-child(4)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-table-header.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5844a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6029md.htm?s_cid=mm6029md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6105md.htm?s_cid=mm6105md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6023md.htm?s_cid=mm6023md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2012/table4-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2024-2025/data/iliage44.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-52.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6048md.htm?s_cid=mm6048md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/15_0458.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jul/05_0009.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5807a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-28.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0577.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5850a1_ensp.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/state-life-expectancy/index.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5831md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/covidvaxview/publications/intent-receive-covid19-vaccine-behavioral-social.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma-children-self-managed-edu_2018.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5904a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5911a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5844a5_ensp.htm

…and more — 64 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__empty-table-header.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125md.htm?s_cid=mm6125md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-40.html

---

## Headings should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7d8c9961`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0066c67d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5305a6.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `h3:nth-child(16)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-heading` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 22 instances; 19 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3><small>
</small>
      </h3>
```

### Description
Headings should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-heading on 19 of 3333 scanned pages (22 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5305a6.htm.
2. Locate the element: h3:nth-child(16)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-heading.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5305a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5311a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5111a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5546a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/aur/saar-rebaseline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7401a1.htm?s_cid=mm7401a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154
- https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/index.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5403a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/ss/ss7405a1.htm?s_cid=ss7405a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5334a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7312a3.htm?s_cid=mm7312a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5412a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/rdc/geocodes/geowt_nhis.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/digital-social-media-tools/social-media-channels.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5351a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/isp/isp_multilateral_collaborations.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5324a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlyCaseStudies/2019/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove empty headings or give them text. Don't use heading tags for spacing.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5305a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5311a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5111a4.htm

---

## Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f7079d6a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f528778d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/data/research-gaps-patient-safety.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.image-container > img`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-redundant-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 9 instances; 3 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="/healthcare-associated-infections/media/images/DHQPs-Research-Agenda-thumb.jpg" alt="Research Gaps in Patient and Healthcare Personnel Safety" title="Research Gaps in Patient and Healthcare 
```

### Description
Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text. Detected by axe-core rule image-redundant-alt on 3 of 3333 scanned pages (9 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/data/research-gaps-patient-safety.html.
2. Locate the element: .image-container > img
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-redundant-alt.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/data/research-gaps-patient-safety.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish
- https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/ecode_matrix.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/data/research-gaps-patient-safety.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish
- https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/ecode_matrix.html

---

## Tables should not have the same summary and caption (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-64f68902`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-234b2c77`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children/guidance-manual/chapter-4.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_page_element:nth-child(47) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > .table-responsive > div > table`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `table-duplicate-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/table-duplicate-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (4 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="table table-striped small" summary="Table 1: Comparison of the Most Common Statistical Software Features and Capabilities">
```

### Description
Tables should not have the same summary and caption. Detected by axe-core rule table-duplicate-name on 2 of 3333 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children/guidance-manual/chapter-4.html.
2. Locate the element: .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_page_element:nth-child(47) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > .table-responsive > div > table
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule table-duplicate-name.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children/guidance-manual/chapter-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/table-duplicate-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children/guidance-manual/chapter-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/antivirals/summary-clinicians.html

---

## Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f20c9439`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c18be945`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Skip directly to search"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r57` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 7864 instances; 546 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r57 on 546 of 3333 scanned pages (7864 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Skip directly to search"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r57.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/hcp/communication-resources/chlorine-and-ambulances.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6925a5.htm?s_cid=mm6925a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/falls/communication-resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-104.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/past-reports.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2009-132.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/pre-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_vs_infecciones-estafilococos_020623.html

…and more — 546 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r57.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html

---

## aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-86243c86`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e05344b9`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@aria-label="Official website of the United States government"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r18` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 401 instances; 377 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 377 of 3333 scanned pages (401 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html.
2. Locate the element: @aria-label="Official website of the United States government"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sth/about/whipworms.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-los-trastornos-del-espectro-autista.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-places/php/health-planning-tools/health-impact-assessment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/hcp/communication-resources/chlorine-and-ambulances.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/falls/communication-resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-104.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/past-reports.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2009-132.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/hcp/clinical-care/pre-exposure-prophylaxis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/parvovirus-b19/about/parvovirus-b19-in-pregnancy.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faq/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/glossary.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clostridium-perfringens/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/vector-borne-diseases/what-cdc-is-doing/centers-of-excellence-in-vector-borne-diseases.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2004-164_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2012-130_sp

…and more — 377 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r18.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/php/toolkit/testing-treatment-handout.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/health-services/index.html

---

## Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6e8f0369`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f054f4a4`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r53` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 404 instances; 281 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 281 of 3333 scanned pages (404 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/parents/spanish/essentials/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6925a5.htm?s_cid=mm6925a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_vs_infecciones-estafilococos_020623.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/74986.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7417a1.htm?s_cid=mm7417a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7150a1.htm?s_cid=mm7150a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7107a2.htm?s_cid=mm7107a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7213a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/su/su7304a6.htm?s_cid=su7304a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/sep/10_0044.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6525e1.htm?s_cid=mm6525e1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7049e1.htm?s_cid=mm7049e1_w

…and more — 281 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r53.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/dupontd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0155.htm

---

## No obsolete or deprecated elements are used (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-877b99fa`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d033717`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r70` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 200 instances; 200 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
No obsolete or deprecated elements are used. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r70 on 200 of 3333 scanned pages (200 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r70.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5110a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0127.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0172_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000783.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0180.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0113_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0231.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4917a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5502md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056622.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a32.htm?s_cid=su6203a32_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6036a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0194_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001938.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm

…and more — 200 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r70.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020779.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000280.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0030_es.htm

---

## Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-62728b49`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7118fead`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r61` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 118 instances; 118 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 118 of 3333 scanned pages (118 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6111a7.htm?s_cid=mm6111a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6033a2.htm?s_cid=mm6033a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6347a1.htm?s_cid=mm6347a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/blood-clots/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a32.htm?s_cid=su6203a32_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6036a4.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/
- http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6342a6.htm?s_cid=mm6342a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6007a1.htm?s_cid=rr6007a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6336a8.htm?s_cid=mm6336a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6001a24.htm?s_cid=su6001a24_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a10.htm?s_cid=su6203a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6020a11.htm?s_cid=mm6020a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6228a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6043a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5908a2.htm

…and more — 118 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r61.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a26.htm?s_cid=su6203a26_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/index.html

---

## Presentational attribute (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-51b86e8a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-04a9d28c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `td`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `presentational-attr`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 33200 instances; 85 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td class="data-row" align="right">
								<p class="table-data-8pt">---</p>
							</td>
```

### Description
Presentational attribute (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule presentational-attr on 85 of 3333 scanned pages (33200 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w.
2. Locate the element: td
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule presentational-attr.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/23_0199.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5527a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056347.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7782505.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/23_0005.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001616.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5531a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6818a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2010_mar_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5807a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/ss/ss6808a1.htm?s_cid=ss6808a1_e
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020258.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000715.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022039.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5009a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056449.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5648a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7205a1.htm?s_cid=ss7205a1_w

…and more — 85 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__presentational-attr.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm

---

## Obsolete <font> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-931d520f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-91d2294a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `font-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 474 instances; 64 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font color="red">Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: <a href="mailto:mmwrq@cdc.gov">mmwrq@cdc.gov</a>
```

### Description
Obsolete <font> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule font-element on 64 of 3333 scanned pages (474 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule font-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5527a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041a2.htm?s_cid=mm6041a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056347.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5809a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6040a9.htm?s_cid=mm6040a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6032a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001616.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5531a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5807a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020258.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000715.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022039.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5009a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056449.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5648a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6047a4.htm?s_cid=mm6047a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5746a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047282.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050031.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6042a6.htm?s_cid=mm6042a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4827a3.htm

…and more — 64 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__font-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947md.htm?s_cid=mm5947md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm

---

## Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-39586e5e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2cd767ca`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r78` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 135 instances; 57 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 57 of 3333 scanned pages (135 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/74986.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6525e1.htm?s_cid=mm6525e1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/wireless201005.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6007a1.htm?s_cid=rr6007a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6547a2.htm?s_cid=mm6547a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/docket229g.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6518a9.htm?s_cid=mm6518a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6543a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6734a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/hcp/info-collection
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6520a5.htm?s_cid=mm6520a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10583
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7145a5.htm?s_cid=mm7145a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6538e1.htm?s_cid=mm6538e1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5904a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6543a1.htm?s_cid=mm6543a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6205a1.htm?s_cid=ss6205a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/63/wr/mm6355a7.htm?s_cid=mm6355a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/ovarian-cancer/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0120.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/rsv.html

…and more — 57 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r78.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/moving-matters-Spanish-resources.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10374
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/74986.html

---

## Obsolete <big> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8b0acbdf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7845739d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `big`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `big-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 67 instances; 42 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<big><strong>Note:</strong></big>
```

### Description
Obsolete <big> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule big-element on 42 of 3333 scanned pages (67 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm.
2. Locate the element: big
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule big-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5527a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056347.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001616.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5531a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00020258.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000715.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022039.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5009a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056449.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5648a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047282.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050031.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4827a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5501a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5206a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001889.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021367.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000316.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4822a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056517.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049336.htm

…and more — 42 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__big-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045570.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4832a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5527a4.htm

---

## Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-103c98bf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3fb891c5`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<fieldset>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r60` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 17 instances; 17 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 17 of 3333 scanned pages (17 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <fieldset>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2001.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0120.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0099.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0074_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0198_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0105.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0106.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5918a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2011_su.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0081_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0286.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0160.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0171.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/14_0179.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0308_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0238_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2001.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0120.htm

---

## Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fae096ee`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f2542d87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<pre>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r79` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 58 instances; 16 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 16 of 3333 scanned pages (58 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm.
2. Locate the element: <pre>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049704.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022217.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056795.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046665.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049336.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4824a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036855.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00041047.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00023572.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022311.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056332.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049614.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056668.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4834a3.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056397.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048338.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049704.htm

---

## Obsolete <center> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-210922cf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-20060f39`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `center`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `center-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 58 instances; 13 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<center>
  <table border="0" width="140" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    
    <tbody><tr>
      <td width="140" bgcolor="#8A9683"><img border="0" src="www.cdc.gov/navimages/spacer.gif" width="140
```

### Description
Obsolete <center> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule center-element on 13 of 3333 scanned pages (58 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm.
2. Locate the element: center
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule center-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2010_mar_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week26.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0169_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0089_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0154_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0018_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-17.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/oct/04_0074.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2005_jan_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0102_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0196.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/mar/10_0033_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/05_0185_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2010_mar_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week26.htm

---

## Tables are used for tabular data, not layout (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8c07a974`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d3b2245`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container bottom data us-county outline-none position-relative">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r40` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W31 (8 weeks)

### Description
Tables are used for tabular data, not layout. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r40 on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html.
2. Locate the element: <div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container bottom data us-county outline-none position-relative">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r40.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma_obesity.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/programs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/dog-food-10-23/locations.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma_obesity.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/programs/index.html

---

## First focusable element is link to main content (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-77093ba2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-aa242c2d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r87` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (6 weeks)

### Description
First focusable element is link to main content. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r87 on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r87.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/privacy.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/handbook.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/faq.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/privacy.html

---

## Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1dcc97ed`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e5ec42f0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="page-toc__heading">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r72` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 4 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W31 (6 weeks)

### Description
Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r72 on 4 of 3333 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html.
2. Locate the element: <p class="page-toc__heading">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r72.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/technical-linkage.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/life-expectancy
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/natality-trends

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usmec/summary-contraceptive.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/technical-linkage.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/life-expectancy

---

## Assertive live region is marked as atomic (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3650c680`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c461a167`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="1">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r54` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### Description
Assertive live region is marked as atomic. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r54 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="1">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r54.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/frozen-strawberries-2023/timeline.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54

---

## Element with orientation is not locked (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-169c778f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7fbb8b20`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r59` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (6 weeks)

### Description
Element with orientation is not locked. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r59 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r59.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/iliage17.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59

---

## Focus is not lost after interaction (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1f081094`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3804c2fa`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/aur/saar-rebaseline.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r86` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r86))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W31, last seen 2026-W31 (1 week)

### Description
Focus is not lost after interaction. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r86 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/aur/saar-rebaseline.html.
2. Locate the element: <span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r86.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/psc/aur/saar-rebaseline.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r86

---

## Keyboard trap does not exist (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f5dcdc4a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4c341c77`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/natality-trends  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="clicktitlebars">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r85` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard trap does not exist. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r85 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/natality-trends.
2. Locate the element: <p class="clicktitlebars">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r85.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-visualization/natality-trends

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r85

---

## Form field error is identified and described (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bd3456fe`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e43903a1`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5918a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<small>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r75` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (7 weeks)

### Description
Form field error is identified and described. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r75 on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5918a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: <small>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r75.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5918a5.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75

---

## Obsolete <blink> element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fd9d5f66`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a84da368`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `blink-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3333 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W31 (6 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
Obsolete <blink> element. Detected by deprecated-html rule blink-element on 1 of 3333 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule blink-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.