# Accessibility bug reports — www.cdc.gov, week 2026-W34

76 issue type(s) from 3332 pages scanned. Generated 2026-08-22 by [vital-scans](https://github.com/mgifford/vital-core), following [accessibility bug-reporting best practices](https://mgifford.github.io/ACCESSIBILITY.md/examples/ACCESSIBILITY_BUG_REPORTING_BEST_PRACTICES.html).

> Automated checks find roughly a third of accessibility barriers. Fields marked "requires manual testing" cannot be observed by an automated scan and need a human with assistive technology.

---
## Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8ceac419`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-179ad9b3`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#content_area">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.8 — Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r113` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2634 instances; 271 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 271 of 3332 scanned pages (2634 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#content_area">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/brfss/02/default.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0398.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/pubm2011.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlycasestudies/2014/case363.html

…and more — 271 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r113.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3d39ded1`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7dba940`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="/ncird/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.3 — Label in Name (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r14` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 139 instances; 75 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 75 of 3332 scanned pages (139 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="/ncird/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Without speech** (0.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hivpartners/php/transcend/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/biosafety-challenges-alaska.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/hcp/numbered/2001-115sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding-data/mpinc-ten-step-toolkit/step-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/rdc/location-of-access/nchs-rdc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/es/prevention/prevencion-y-control-de-la-neumonia.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/polio/es/vaccines/vacunacion-contra-la-poliomielitis.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/es/about/acerca-del-lavado-de-las-manos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2011-123_sp/default.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nis/php/datasets-child/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/es/disasters/hurricanes/workers.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/formatos.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2008-128sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/sore-throat/es/about/informacion-basica-sobre-el-dolor-de-garganta.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/communication-resources/ppe-high-exposure.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/es/healthy-eating/opciones-de-carbohidratos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/teens/helping-teens-cope.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/diseases
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/priorities/hiv-prevention.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/historias/becky.html

…and more — 75 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r14.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

### Example pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html

---

## Images must have alternative text (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-daa4092f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9074b4dd`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6790 instances; 628 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8">
```

### Description
Images must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule image-alt on 628 of 3332 scanned pages (6790 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm.
2. Locate the element: img[height="8"][alt=" "][width="140"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-alt against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4842a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2007/apr/06_0085_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5709a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4930a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0170_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0039_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0099_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm

…and more — 628 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__image-alt.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> a meaningful alt attribute. Use alt="" only for decorative images so screen readers skip them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm

---

## Image has accessible name (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2be68f2a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a24eaa8c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r2` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1725 instances; 160 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Image has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r2 on 160 of 3332 scanned pages (1725 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <img src="../../images/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1" alt=" ">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r2 against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6620a4.htm?s_cid=mm6620a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039992.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5138md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0168.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055589.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5431a2.htm

…and more — 160 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r2.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> an accessible name (alt text), or alt="" if purely decorative.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a802b7c8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9429bb8d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#accordion-11`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-children` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 4 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="accordion indicator-plus accordion-white mb3" id="accordion-11" role="tablist">
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-children on 4 of 3332 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html.
2. Locate the element: #accordion-11
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-children against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/conted.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add the child roles this container role requires (e.g. a list needs listitem children).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311

---

## <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-30c557ef`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a0bdbdf6`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `ol`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 47 instances; 37 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ol>
```

### Description
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 37 of 3332 scanned pages (47 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: ol
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018860.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038049.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016865.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018808.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001894.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001935.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048339.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046433.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/16_0376.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001925.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00040483.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017197.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001831.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049638.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5111a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5702a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/worker-safety/personal-protective-equipment.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5134a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016032.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/bird-flu/worker-safety/personal-protective-equipment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001819.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00052581.htm

…and more — 37 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__list.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018860.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm

---

## Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-72656a5f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-07ba3b17`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[role="tablist"]:nth-child(1) > div[role="tabpanel"]:nth-child(2) > .opt-in.table-bordered.table-sm`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `td-headers-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 25 instances; 19 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (10 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table class="opt-in table table-bordered table-sm" border="1">
```

### Description
Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl. Detected by axe-core rule td-headers-attr on 19 of 3332 scanned pages (25 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html.
2. Locate the element: div[role="tablist"]:nth-child(1) > div[role="tabpanel"]:nth-child(2) > .opt-in.table-bordered.table-sm
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule td-headers-attr against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db96.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2012/prevalence_tables/table8b_LLCP.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table6-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table4a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu-vaccines-work/php/effectiveness-studies/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2012/prevalence_tables/table11a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table9.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table3a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table4b.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-schedules/child-easyread-compliant.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/respvaxview/publications/national-state-vaccination-estimates.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/covidvaxview/publications/covid19-vaccination-high-risk-pregnancy.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/recombinant-zoster-immunocompromised.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2012/prevalence_tables/table4a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/covid-19-2024-2025-6-months-and-older.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate data cells with their headers correctly using headers/id or scope.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db96.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2012/prevalence_tables/table8b_LLCP.html

---

## <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol> (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0fb66a73`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6175596b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/zika/es/travel/recomendaciones-para-las-personas-que-viajan-y-las-personas-que-viven-en-el-extranjero.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_3"] > .table.dfe-table.table-no-header:nth-child(5) > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[role="cell"][data-col="2"] > li`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `listitem` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 26 instances; 5 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<li>
```

### Description
<li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. Detected by axe-core rule listitem on 5 of 3332 scanned pages (26 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/zika/es/travel/recomendaciones-para-las-personas-que-viajan-y-las-personas-que-viven-en-el-extranjero.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_3"] > .table.dfe-table.table-no-header:nth-child(5) > .table-body[role="rowgroup"] > .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[role="cell"][data-col="2"] > li
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule listitem against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/zika/es/travel/recomendaciones-para-las-personas-que-viajan-y-las-personas-que-viven-en-el-extranjero.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/toolkit/routine-testing-module.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/hcp/clinical-safety?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhandhygiene%2Fproviders%2Findex.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5111a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/std-ips/php/glossary/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** <li> must be inside a <ul> or <ol>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/zika/es/travel/recomendaciones-para-las-personas-que-viajan-y-las-personas-que-viven-en-el-extranjero.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/toolkit/routine-testing-module.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/hcp/clinical-safety?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhandhygiene%2Fproviders%2Findex.html

---

## Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9e73495f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d6097011`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<ul>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r68` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 843 instances; 76 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 76 of 3332 scanned pages (843 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html.
2. Locate the element: <ul>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650md.htm?s_cid=mm6650md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/gout/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0256.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/biosafety-challenges-alaska.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/genomics-and-health/about/epigenetic-impacts-on-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0028.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/about/scdc-capacity-building-sessions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/prevention-control.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/parasites/about/resources.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/es/about/acerca-del-lavado-de-las-manos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/health-well-being
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/hcp/toolkit/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/parasites/testing-diagnosis/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/library/research-guides/systematic-reviews.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/hcp/clinical-features/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/sore-throat/es/about/informacion-basica-sobre-el-dolor-de-garganta.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/oral-health/about/about-dental-fluorosis.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/advanced-molecular-detection/php/investments/texas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/project-firstline/hcp/communication-resources/germs-live-body.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/outdoor-workers/about/poisonous-plants.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vessel-sanitation/cruise-ship-outbreaks/radiance-of-the-seas-september-2024.html

…and more — 76 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r68.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html

---

## Table cell has header (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2cb2508b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f067795`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r77` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 5372 instances; 10 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Table cell has header. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r77 on 10 of 3332 scanned pages (5372 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w.
2. Locate the element: <td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r77 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week30.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ems-community-paramedicine/php/data-research/table2b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/jan/03_0015.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/covidvaxview/publications/covid19-vaccination-high-risk-pregnancy.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6039md.htm?s_cid=mm6039md_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html

---

## Element has required aria-owns (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d1ade4be`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4408605e`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/08/table4-1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<th colspan="8" scope="colgroup">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r46` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 6 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (10 weeks)

### Description
Element has required aria-owns. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r46 on 6 of 3332 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/08/table4-1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <th colspan="8" scope="colgroup">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r46 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/08/table4-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table4-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2012/table4-2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/07/table2-2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu/whats-new/22-23-summary-technical-report.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/08/table4-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table4-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2012/table4-2.htm

---

## Element has required owned roles (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1860e4bd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3c632d31`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r64` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 5 instances; 5 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Element has required owned roles. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r64 on 5 of 3332 scanned pages (5 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r64 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5350a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/ss/ss7405a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5504a4.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5350a3.htm

---

## aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-acfaede7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9207ed51`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@headers="t-1-9-2-f-col-gr-1 t-1-9-2-f-col-1"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r45` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### Description
aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r45 on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html.
2. Locate the element: @headers="t-1-9-2-f-col-gr-1 t-1-9-2-f-col-1"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r45 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/preparing-international-travelers/travel-health-kits.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45

---

## Links must be distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e1a05627`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8ade3360`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/cost-considerations.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.all-pages`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-in-text-block` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 86 instances; 73 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="all-pages" href="#toc">All pages <span class="cdc-fa-arrow-down-long"></span></a>
```

### Description
Links must be distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by axe-core rule link-in-text-block on 73 of 3332 scanned pages (86 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/cost-considerations.html.
2. Locate the element: .all-pages
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-in-text-block against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/cost-considerations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/equipment.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/pregnant-hcp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/table-3-intensified-recommendations.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/biosafety-challenges-alaska.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a4.htm?s_cid=mm6008a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6340a4.htm?s_cid=mm6340a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usspr/combined-hormonal-contraceptives.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/ideal-low-temp-sterilization.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/mdro-management/prevention-control.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/avian-timeline/2010-2019.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lab-quality/php/prevent-adult-blood-culture-contamination/sub-measure-single-set.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6404a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/grants/applying/faqs.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/emergency-transport.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/intimate-partner-violence/php/datingmatters/success-stories.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6421a6.htm?s_cid=mm6421a6_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/mumps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/grants/applying/sam.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/disability-emergency-preparedness/people-with-disabilities/make-a-plan.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/flash-sterilization.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6207a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/suid-rates-by-race-ethnicity.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/contraception/hcp/usspr/methods.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/haic-eip/invasive-staphylococcus.html

…and more — 73 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-in-text-block.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/playbook/cost-considerations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/equipment.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/pregnant-hcp.html

---

## Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6cb18b67`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-efd91fdd`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltc/weekly-covid-vac/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a class="" style="text-decoration-line: none;" href="/nhsn/pdfs/ltc/Variable-description-and-file-layoutLTC_Res-HCP_508.pdf" target="_blank">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r62` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 5 instances; 2 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Link in text block is visually distinguishable without color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r62 on 2 of 3332 scanned pages (5 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltc/weekly-covid-vac/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <a class="" style="text-decoration-line: none;" href="/nhsn/pdfs/ltc/Variable-description-and-file-layoutLTC_Res-HCP_508.pdf" target="_blank">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r62 against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltc/weekly-covid-vac/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make links visually distinguishable from surrounding text (not by color alone).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r62

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/ltc/weekly-covid-vac/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm

---

## Scrollable region must have keyboard access (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a17a879e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c613c153`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/PCV21-non-risk-based-adults-19-49.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.dfe-block--width-wide.dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule:nth-child(8) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > div:nth-child(2)`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scrollable-region-focusable` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 40 instances; 22 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
```

### Description
Scrollable region must have keyboard access. Detected by axe-core rule scrollable-region-focusable on 22 of 3332 scanned pages (40 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/PCV21-non-risk-based-adults-19-49.html.
2. Locate the element: .dfe-block--width-wide.dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule:nth-child(8) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > div:nth-child(2)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scrollable-region-focusable against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/PCV21-non-risk-based-adults-19-49.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/hestat111.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/nchs/updates/feature-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/code-sets/fall-season-respiratory-codes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table6-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/table-2-3.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6644a2.htm?s_cid=mm6644a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu-vaccines-work/php/effectiveness-studies/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-50.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-03.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/php/surveillance-report/2020.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/respvaxview/publications/national-state-vaccination-estimates.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/recombinant-zoster-immunocompromised.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/refugees-immigrants-migrants/pre-arrival-medical-screening-and-interventions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/table17.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-42.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-16.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6628a4.htm?s_cid=mm6628a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/covid-19-2024-2025-6-months-and-older.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2018/table3-2.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/babesiosis/php/data-stats/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make scrollable regions keyboard-focusable (tabindex="0") so keyboard users can scroll them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/PCV21-non-risk-based-adults-19-49.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/hestat111.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/nchs/updates/feature-1.html

---

## Keyboard (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-98861540`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58346bcf`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/healthcare-professional-user-manual.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-bordered nein-scroll table-sm fs08" style="width: 100%; height: 498px;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r84` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W34 (7 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r84 on 2 of 3332 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/healthcare-professional-user-manual.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-bordered nein-scroll table-sm fs08" style="width: 100%; height: 498px;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r84 against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/healthcare-professional-user-manual.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/clinic-administrator-user-manual.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/healthcare-professional-user-manual.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/hcp/resources/clinic-administrator-user-manual.html

---

## <blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used (WCAG 2.2.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e648d3e2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4b45acfe`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.2.2 — Pause, Stop, Hide (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `blink` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 8 instances; 7 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (10 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
<blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used. Detected by axe-core rule blink on 7 of 3332 scanned pages (8 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule blink against WCAG 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5606a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5404a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5633a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5510a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5606a2.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5606a1.htm

---

## Documents must have <title> element to aid in navigation (WCAG 2.4.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-71571375`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c80d5faa`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.2 — Page Titled (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `document-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/document-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (6 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html><head></head><body></body></html>
```

### Description
Documents must have <title> element to aid in navigation. Detected by axe-core rule document-title on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule document-title against WCAG 2.4.2 Page Titled.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the page a unique, descriptive <title>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/document-title?application=axeAPI

---

## Document has a title element (WCAG 2.4.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4d07aa33`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0728f339`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.2 — Page Titled (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r1` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r1))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (5 weeks)

### Description
Document has a title element. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r1 on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r1 against WCAG 2.4.2 Page Titled.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r1

---

## Active <area> elements must have alternative text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b957b4a8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4e469a59`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0131.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `area[onmouseover="stm(Text[1],Style[1])"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `area-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/area-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W34 (2 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<area onmouseover="stm(Text[1],Style[1])" onmouseout="htm()" shape="polygon" href="#" target="_self" coords="290,76,243,67,243,45,336,45,336,67">
```

### Description
Active <area> elements must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule area-alt on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0131.htm.
2. Locate the element: area[onmouseover="stm(Text[1],Style[1])"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule area-alt against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0131.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/area-alt?application=axeAPI

---

## Links must have discernible text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4f8efdc2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e9fe47ac`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 596 instances; 252 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/"><img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8"></a>
```

### Description
Links must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule link-name on 252 of 3332 scanned pages (596 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-name against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/indss_2001.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2007/apr/06_0085_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0170_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0039_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dental-infection-control/hcp/dental-ipc-faqs/sterilization-monitoring.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10107
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/equipment.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s0522-human-case-h5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/2011_jul_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/may/10_0105.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0249.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/may/10_0036_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/es/2011_nov_toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0241.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0156_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1997_rr.html

…and more — 252 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-name.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link discernible text. Avoid empty links and icon-only links without an aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm

---

## Link has accessible name (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-64b3744d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-28ebd979`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r11` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 231 instances; 69 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Link has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r11 on 69 of 3332 scanned pages (231 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r11 against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s0522-human-case-h5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2018/18_0058.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0168.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2014-120.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0131.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0123a.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2004/oct/04_0084.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/injury/ice/washington2008/wdc_2008_participants.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/06_0186_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0153_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10314
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0267_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0180_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/GT22B6B8.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6624a1.htm?s_cid=mm6624a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0184.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/parasites/education_training/education-training.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5404a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0139_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0031_es.htm

…and more — 69 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r11.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link an accessible name via text content or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s0522-human-case-h5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm

---

## <html> element must have a lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-15c4f6ba`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c126b6a6`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `html-has-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 621 instances; 621 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
<html> element must have a lang attribute. Detected by axe-core rule html-has-lang on 621 of 3332 scanned pages (621 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule html-has-lang against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4842a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2007/apr/06_0085_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5709a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4930a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0170_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0039_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0099_es.htm

…and more — 621 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__html-has-lang.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a lang attribute to <html> (e.g. lang="en").

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm

---

## Document has a valid lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-cf047437`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7a0e5645`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<html>`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r4` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 156 instances; 156 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Document has a valid lang attribute. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r4 on 156 of 3332 scanned pages (156 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <html>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r4 against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039992.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5138md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0168.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055589.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5431a2.htm

…and more — 156 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r4.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a valid lang attribute to <html>.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## Form elements must have labels (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-814682ad`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fafffee0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#searchBox`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 174 instances; 174 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256" type="text" style="width: 230px;">
```

### Description
Form elements must have labels. Detected by axe-core rule label on 174 of 3332 scanned pages (174 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w.
2. Locate the element: #searchBox
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/indss_2001.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6418a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6109a7.htm?s_cid=mm6109a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a1.htm?s_cid=mm6001a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6408a5.htm?s_cid=mm6408a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6351a2.htm?s_cid=mm6351a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a5.htm?s_cid=mm6001a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5935a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5947a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6028a7.htm?s_cid=mm6028a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1997_rr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6446a3.htm?s_cid=mm6446a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6013a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6015a1.htm?s_cid=ss6015a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6322a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a4.htm?s_cid=mm6008a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6340a4.htm?s_cid=mm6340a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6302a2.htm?s_cid=mm6302a2_w

…and more — 174 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate every form control with a <label> (via for/id) or an aria-label/aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w

---

## Select element must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7f95f7d4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fab92378`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/inhalador-oral-de-nicotina.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#medicine`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `select-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 22 instances; 9 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (10 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<select id="medicine" onchange="window.location = this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;">
```

### Description
Select element must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule select-name on 9 of 3332 scanned pages (22 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/inhalador-oral-de-nicotina.html.
2. Locate the element: #medicine
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule select-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/inhalador-oral-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/tabletas-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/index.html?s_cid=OSH_misc_M576
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/sin-medicamentos.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6341a3.htm?s_cid=mm6341a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/dose-dashboard-nonfatal-surveillance-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dhds/about
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nvsr.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the <select> an accessible name via a <label> or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/inhalador-oral-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/como-usar-medicamentos/tabletas-de-nicotina.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/index.html?s_cid=OSH_misc_M576

---

## Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e82533cf`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-1467ea8a`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/facadmin  
**XPath / selector:** `.fieldset--checkbox-group`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<fieldset class="fieldset--checkbox-group" aria-required="true">
```

### Description
Elements must only use supported ARIA attributes. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-attr on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/facadmin.
2. Locate the element: .fieldset--checkbox-group
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-attr against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/facadmin

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove ARIA attributes that aren't allowed on this role/element.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-attr?application=axeAPI

---

## Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b40d3a17`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f76c7ea`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/educational-materials/videos.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_1"] > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule > .cdc-youtube-embed > iframe`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `frame-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 49 instances; 40 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Xmd_ddlzi_k?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.cdc.gov?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.
```

### Description
Frames must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule frame-title on 40 of 3332 scanned pages (49 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/educational-materials/videos.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-section="cdc_generic_section_1"] > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule > .cdc-youtube-embed > iframe
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule frame-title against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/educational-materials/videos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/stay-safe-during-a-tornado.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/prediabetes/risktest/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/youth-violence/php/yvpcs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0045
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/floodwater-safety.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/resources/video-pregnancy-share-protection-baby.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pandemic-flu/php/planning-guidance/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/es/prevention/healthy-choices.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/video-series/raw-milk.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/colorectal-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/patients/side-effects-of-treatment.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0355
- https://www.cdc.gov/disability-emergency-preparedness/people-with-disabilities/make-a-plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-stigma/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0343
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/prostate-cancer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/global-events/world-tb-day.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/protect-your-heart-when-its-hot.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/orr/deo/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-tribes-ghwic/php/funding/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hearher/pregnant-postpartum/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/hcp/patient-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/keep-track-of-nearby-wildfire.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html

…and more — 40 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__frame-title.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <iframe> a descriptive title attribute.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/educational-materials/videos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/stay-safe-during-a-tornado.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/prediabetes/risktest/index.html

---

## ARIA commands must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-af63ae4b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-5c82bd60`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/suid-rates-by-race-ethnicity.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-command-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 72 instances; 6 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span role="button" class="sort-icon"><svg class="up" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 5"><path d="M0 5l5-5 5 5z"></path></svg><svg class="down" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" vi
```

### Description
ARIA commands must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-command-name on 6 of 3332 scanned pages (72 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/suid-rates-by-race-ethnicity.html.
2. Locate the element: th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-command-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/suid-rates-by-race-ethnicity.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-infections-pwid.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-deaths-aian.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-c-reduce-infections-pwid.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-c/figure-3-4.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the command (button/link/menuitem) an accessible name via text or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/suid-rates-by-race-ethnicity.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2023/hep-b-reduce-deaths-api.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/npr-2025/hep-c-reduce-infections-pwid.html

---

## Interactive controls must not be nested (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d7d80039`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58301a87`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#acc-header-11`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `nested-interactive` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 19 instances; 5 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0" role="tab" id="acc-header-11" href="#acc-panel-11" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-11" aria-controls="acc-panel-11" aria-expanded="true">
```

### Description
Interactive controls must not be nested. Detected by axe-core rule nested-interactive on 5 of 3332 scanned pages (19 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html.
2. Locate the element: #acc-header-11
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule nested-interactive against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/conted.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't nest interactive controls (e.g. a button inside a link); split them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quitline/top-10-questions-people-ask-about-quitlines.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311

---

## Elements must only use permitted ARIA attributes (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-659983e6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-ebb1c464`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0045  
**XPath / selector:** `#UNIQUE3056890ef409a144`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-prohibited-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-prohibited-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W34 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="cdc-card-slider cdc-video-slider slick-initialized slick-slider cdc-carousel-slider" id="UNIQUE3056890ef409a144" aria-label="Carousel">
```

### Description
Elements must only use permitted ARIA attributes. Detected by axe-core rule aria-prohibited-attr on 4 of 3332 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0045.
2. Locate the element: #UNIQUE3056890ef409a144
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-prohibited-attr against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0045
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-stigma/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0343
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-prohibited-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherprovidertk0045
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-testing/self-testing.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0311
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/hiv-stigma/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0343

---

## ARIA input fields must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b6a822b3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0841abc2`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/dose-dashboard-nonfatal-surveillance-data.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.rc-slider-handle-1`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-input-field-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-input-field-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (6 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div tabindex="0" class="rc-slider-handle rc-slider-handle-1" role="slider" aria-valuemin="1" aria-valuemax="89" aria-valuenow="49" aria-disabled="false" style="left: 54.5455%; right: auto; transform:
```

### Description
ARIA input fields must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-input-field-name on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/dose-dashboard-nonfatal-surveillance-data.html.
2. Locate the element: .rc-slider-handle-1
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-input-field-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/dose-dashboard-nonfatal-surveillance-data.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-input-field-name?application=axeAPI

---

## Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8e9a1f8c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a48e6078`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r8` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 62 instances; 45 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 45 of 3332 scanned pages (62 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w.
2. Locate the element: <input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6322a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6302a2.htm?s_cid=mm6302a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6447a6.htm?s_cid=mm6447a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6406a7.htm?s_cid=mm6406a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6404a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5932a4.htm?s_cid=mm5932a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/quit-smoking/quit-smoking-medications/how-to-use-quit-smoking-medicines/index.html?s_cid=OSH_misc_M576
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a10.htm?s_cid=mm6008a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5904a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6445a6.htm?s_cid=mm6445a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6009a3.htm?s_cid=mm6009a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6205a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5905a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6030a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6341a3.htm?s_cid=mm6341a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6124a5.htm?s_cid=mm6124a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6333a3.htm?s_cid=mm6333a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6117a5.htm?s_cid=mm6117a5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6004a8.htm?s_cid=mm6004a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5923a1.htm?s_cid=mm5923a1_w

…and more — 45 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r8.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w

---

## Button has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-01e7ce43`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-29f9f921`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/clinician-resources/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<button class="lsht-validation__button">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r12` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (10 weeks)

### Description
Button has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r12 on 3 of 3332 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/clinician-resources/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <button class="lsht-validation__button">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r12 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/clinician-resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/facility-worksheets-guide/31.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/partnerships/toolkit/older-adults-and-hiv.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via text, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/clinician-resources/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/facility-worksheets-guide/31.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/partnerships/toolkit/older-adults-and-hiv.html

---

## Component with same name serves same purpose (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4bddc4cc`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a2a3dffb`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<button class="btn btn-primary" style="line-height: 1.4em;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r90` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Component with same name serves same purpose. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r90 on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html.
2. Locate the element: <button class="btn btn-primary" style="line-height: 1.4em;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r90 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90

---

## Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5f7ec93d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-be8d563e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `color-contrast` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 940 instances; 613 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font color="red">Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: <a href="mailto:mmwrq@cdc.gov">mmwrq@cdc.gov</a>
```

### Description
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 613 of 3332 scanned pages (940 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4842a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/indss_2001.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6109a7.htm?s_cid=mm6109a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5709a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4930a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a1.htm?s_cid=mm6001a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm

…and more — 613 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__color-contrast.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm

---

## Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced) (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f3870e7e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7e99f4b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Related Pages"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r69` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1668 instances; 239 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r69 on 239 of 3332 scanned pages (1668 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Related Pages"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r69 against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2025/2025-cdc-warns-of-listeria-outbreak-linked-to-recalled-chicken-fettuccine-alfredo-meals.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/lung-cancer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/pertussis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/cdc-ohio-health-department.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/risk-factors/infectious-agents.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/namcs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hivpartners/php/transcend/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-health-burden.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/active-people-healthy-nation/php/multimedia-tools/social-media.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ticks/data-research/facts-stats/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/measles/plan-for-travel.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/treatment/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/gout/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/php/partners/decontamination-and-waste-disposal-commercial-passenger-aircraft.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/typhus/about/scrub.html

…and more — 239 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r69.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AA (4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html

---

## Zooming and scaling must not be disabled (WCAG 1.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0f05d4c6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6c86a43a`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2  
**XPath / selector:** `meta[name="viewport"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.4 — Resize Text (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `meta-viewport` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/meta-viewport?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W31, last seen 2026-W34 (3 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale = 1, minimum-scale = 1, maximum-scale = 1">
```

### Description
Zooming and scaling must not be disabled. Detected by axe-core rule meta-viewport on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2.
2. Locate the element: meta[name="viewport"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule meta-viewport against WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't disable zoom (user-scalable=no / maximum-scale=1); low-vision users need to zoom.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/meta-viewport?application=axeAPI

---

## Text is not too small to read (WCAG 1.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-28310c9a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3a9437f7`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2  
**XPath / selector:** `<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale = 1, minimum-scale = 1, maximum-scale = 1">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.4 — Resize Text (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r47` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r47))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W34, last seen 2026-W34 (1 week)

### Description
Text is not too small to read. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r47 on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2.
2. Locate the element: <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale = 1, minimum-scale = 1, maximum-scale = 1">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r47 against WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r47

---

## lang attribute must have a valid value (WCAG 3.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7a81f398`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-dd1c019f`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-community-flyer.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-post="1937_2504"] > .dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > .cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="Download"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.2 — Language of Parts (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `valid-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a lang="__" class="cdc-block-link" href="/flu-resources/media/pdfs/2024/08/covercough_school8-5x11_khm.pdf" aria-label="Download" download="covercough_school8-5x11_khm.pdf" target="_blank">
```

### Description
lang attribute must have a valid value. Detected by axe-core rule valid-lang on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-community-flyer.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-post="1937_2504"] > .dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > .cdc-block-link[lang="__"][aria-label="Download"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule valid-lang against WCAG 3.1.2 Language of Parts.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-community-flyer.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI

---

## Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6)

**Bug ID:** `VS-58afd9fd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-646b1e0b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "
					Here's how you know
					"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.6 — Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r66` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 18829 instances; 616 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 616 of 3332 scanned pages (18829 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "
					Here's how you know
					"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/rr/rr7305a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2025/2025-cdc-warns-of-listeria-outbreak-linked-to-recalled-chicken-fettuccine-alfredo-meals.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet600.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/injury-violence-prevention/programs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/brfss/02/default.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/lung-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0398.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/w2w/oregon.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7216a3.htm?s_cid=mm7216a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6950a2.htm

…and more — 616 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r66.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html

---

## Link is distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f7d28dec`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fbf54eba`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; color: #333333;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r74` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1931 instances; 302 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Link is distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r74 on 302 of 3332 scanned pages (1931 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; color: #333333;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r74 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet600.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet354.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/risk-factors/infectious-agents.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2024-107/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/namcs/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w

…and more — 302 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r74.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8b1be1a0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2208081b`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r73` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 42107 instances; 251 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 251 of 3332 scanned pages (42107 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650md.htm?s_cid=mm6650md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6642a11.htm?s_cid=mm6642a11_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6620a4.htm?s_cid=mm6620a4_w

…and more — 251 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r73.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## iframe element is not empty (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-add1c163`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-48291402`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0035.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p style="text-align: justify">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r71` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r71))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (2 weeks)

### Description
iframe element is not empty. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r71 on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0035.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p style="text-align: justify">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r71 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0035.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r71

---

## Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4f3dc752`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-cb53cc4d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#content_area">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.5 — Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r111` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 22156 instances; 732 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 732 of 3332 scanned pages (22156 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#content_area">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/rr/rr7305a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2025/2025-cdc-warns-of-listeria-outbreak-linked-to-recalled-chicken-fettuccine-alfredo-meals.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet600.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/injury-violence-prevention/programs/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm

…and more — 732 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r111.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## All page content should be contained by landmarks (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5ee20e15`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f18df681`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-site-gov-notice`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `region` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 52946 instances; 2957 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="cdc-site-gov-notice noindex noprint" aria-label="Official website of the United States government">
```

### Description
All page content should be contained by landmarks. Detected by axe-core rule region on 2957 of 3332 scanned pages (52946 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-site-gov-notice
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule region.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/animals.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/php/od2a/puerto-rico.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2022/21_0410a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/es/living-with/manejo-del-estres.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0659.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/funding/funding-profiles/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/rr/rr6801a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/shell-eggs-07-26/locations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/partnerships/mssm.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/php/tobacco-industry-spending/index.html

…and more — 2957 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__region.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Wrap all page content in landmarks (header, nav, main, footer) so users can navigate by region.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm

---

## Form elements should have a visible label (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6a5a6b06`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33841929`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.smallfield`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label-title-only` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 155 instances; 155 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input class="smallfield" type="text" name="email" size="15" title="插入電子郵件" value="插入電子郵件" onfocus="this.value=''">
```

### Description
Form elements should have a visible label. Detected by axe-core rule label-title-only on 155 of 3332 scanned pages (155 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm.
2. Locate the element: .smallfield
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label-title-only.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2007/apr/06_0085_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0170_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0039_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0099_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/may/10_0105.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0249.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/may/10_0036_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0241.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0156_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/06_0122_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jul/05_0023_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0123_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/06_0116_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/may/10_0045.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0077.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0168.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/jan/06_0025_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0049.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0205_es.htm

…and more — 155 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label-title-only.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2007/apr/06_0085_es.htm

---

## Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7e958f13`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7430f84c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2  
**XPath / selector:** `#Slide62516accStr2`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `tabindex` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (5 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div id="Slide62516accStr2" tabindex="2400" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); opacity: 0; width: 0px; height: 0px; left: -1999px; position: fixed;"><p style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0p
```

### Description
Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero. Detected by axe-core rule tabindex on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2.
2. Locate the element: #Slide62516accStr2
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule tabindex.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Avoid tabindex values greater than 0; they create a confusing tab order.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI

---

## Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c73ace8a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d25f622d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.bg-white.card-body > h5`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `heading-order` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1364 instances; 962 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h5>Altmetric:</h5>
```

### Description
Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 962 of 3332 scanned pages (1364 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: .bg-white.card-body > h5
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0659.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/rr/rr6801a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_vs_ahogamiento_051424.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4842a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/rr/rr7305a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2018/17_0377.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/indss_2001.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html

…and more — 962 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__heading-order.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7208a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm

---

## Document should have one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f3ea4fe3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d5d82446`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#js`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-one-main` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 846 instances; 846 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" id="js">
```

### Description
Document should have one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-one-main on 846 of 3332 scanned pages (846 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w.
2. Locate the element: #js
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-one-main.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5739a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1996_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5804a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4842a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5748a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/oct/06_0032_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/indss_2001.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6418a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6109a7.htm?s_cid=mm6109a7_w

…and more — 846 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-one-main.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Each page should have exactly one <main> landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6017a10.htm?s_cid=mm6017a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0153_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm

---

## Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-da188de9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8806389c`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.page-right-rail__static`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-unique` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 854 instances; 814 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary" style="margin-top: 47px;">
```

### Description
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 814 of 3332 scanned pages (854 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html.
2. Locate the element: .page-right-rail__static
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/php/od2a/puerto-rico.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/es/living-with/manejo-del-estres.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/partnerships/mssm.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding-data/mpinc-ten-step-toolkit/step-9.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nora/councils/oil-gas.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/php/data-statistics/youth-data-tobacco/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/educational-materials/videos.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthy-swimming/es/toolkit/pool-chemical-emergencies.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/ncird/divisions-offices/isd.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/visuals.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/muscular-dystrophy/es/stories/vivir-con-distrofia-muscular.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/jurisdiction-map.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/bird-flu/hcp/clinicians-evaluating-patients
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/measles/es/vaccines/vacunacion-contra-el-sarampion.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/climate-health/php/regions/southwest.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthy-pets/travel/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/chagas/php/resources/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/dental-infection-control/hcp/dental-ipc-faqs/sterilization-monitoring.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/data-research/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/about/advisory-committee-director/meetings.html

…and more — 814 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-unique.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/finance/conference-report/2024-spending-report.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/php/od2a/puerto-rico.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/es/living-with/manejo-del-estres.html

---

## Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1530437c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa44f293`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `page-has-heading-one` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 118 instances; 118 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html lang="en-us" class="cdc-theme-cdc cdc-page-type--content">
```

### Description
Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 118 of 3332 scanned pages (118 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phap/site.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/angiostrongylus/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/skin-cancer/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650md.htm?s_cid=mm6650md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaginal-vulvar-cancers/es/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaginal-vulvar-cancers/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/partnerships/toolkit/talk-hiv.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-children/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/trichinellosis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lice/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/labs/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/whoAllregt_cl45.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6644md.htm?s_cid=mm6644md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/family-health-history/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/elearning-institute/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/classroom-management/index.html

…and more — 118 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__page-has-heading-one.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vams/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phap/site.html

---

## The skip-link target should exist and be focusable (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0f3b3868`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4edfe386`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#az"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `skip-link` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 18 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="#az" class="skippy" title="Salte directo al listado de A-Z">Salte directo al listado de A-Z</a>
```

### Description
The skip-link target should exist and be focusable. Detected by axe-core rule skip-link on 18 of 3332 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#az"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule skip-link.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0102_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0349_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0140_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0265_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0203_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0138_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0146_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/travel
- https://www.cdc.gov/toxocariasis/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/10_0069_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0253_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0066_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0295_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hymenolepis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/archive_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Ensure the skip link targets a real, focusable element (its href must match an existing id).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0102_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm

---

## scope attribute should be used correctly (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-29342c96`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0ba8ce9d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-23.html  
**XPath / selector:** `tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scope-attr-valid` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 144 instances; 16 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td style="width: 518px;" scope="row"><strong>No. of specimens tested</strong></td>
```

### Description
scope attribute should be used correctly. Detected by axe-core rule scope-attr-valid on 16 of 3332 scanned pages (144 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-23.html.
2. Locate the element: tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="row"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scope-attr-valid.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-23.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/acip/evidence-to-recommendations/CYD-TDV-dengue-vaccine-etr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-34.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/code-sets/fall-season-respiratory-codes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/procedures.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week30.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu-vaccines-work/php/effectiveness-studies/2025-2026.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/flu-vaccines-work/php/effectiveness-studies/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-50.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-03.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2016/16_0212.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-42.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-16.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-23.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/acip/evidence-to-recommendations/CYD-TDV-dengue-vaccine-etr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-34.html

---

## ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c02c3e45`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4fac2f41`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.btn-srch`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-role` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 170 instances; 146 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<button role="search" type="submit" class="btn-srch" aria-label="Search" style="right: -8px;"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button>
```

### Description
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 146 of 3332 scanned pages (170 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html.
2. Locate the element: .btn-srch
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2007-175_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet354.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-152
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2021-112
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2011-146.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2024-107/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2011-199_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2013-138_sp
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ebola/hcp/communication-resources/think-ebola-early-recognition-is-critical-for-infection-control.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/hcp/numbered/2006-117sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2007-151_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2013-143_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/hcp/numbered/2001-115sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet1962.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2025-109
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2014-120.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2011-202sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/wp-solutions/2009-115_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2016-101
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet1893.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/php/resources/from-me-to-you.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2015-100.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2025-106
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2016-172

…and more — 146 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__aria-allowed-role.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/petitions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2007-175_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet354.html

---

## Table header text should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-55777888`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d69fc059`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table6-1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `tr:nth-child(1) > th[colspan="4"][scope="colgroup"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-table-header` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 271 instances; 57 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th colspan="4" scope="colgroup"></th>
```

### Description
Table header text should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-table-header on 57 of 3332 scanned pages (271 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table6-1.htm.
2. Locate the element: tr:nth-child(1) > th[colspan="4"][scope="colgroup"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-table-header.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table6-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6015a1.htm?s_cid=ss6015a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticprocedures/stool/morphcomp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5844a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-23.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/f-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2015/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/08/table4-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0114.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-34.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/missing_days.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5904a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jul/04_0124.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/c-keystat.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6011a2.htm?s_cid=mm6011a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5822a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/longterm_medication.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5845md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6209a1.htm?s_cid=ss6209a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/week30.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table4-2.htm

…and more — 57 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__empty-table-header.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2014/table6-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6015a1.htm?s_cid=ss6015a1_w

---

## Headings should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9e91c98e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0066c67d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `h3:nth-child(30)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-heading` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 15 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3>
      </h3>
```

### Description
Headings should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-heading on 15 of 3332 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: h3:nth-child(30)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-heading.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5350a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/ss/ss7405a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5112a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5336a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5418a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5504a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5405a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5646a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5304a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5111a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlycasestudies/2020/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5712a4.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove empty headings or give them text. Don't use heading tags for spacing.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm

---

## Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6083be58`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c18be945`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Skip directly to search"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r57` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 7807 instances; 523 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r57 on 523 of 3332 scanned pages (7807 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Skip directly to search"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r57.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/rr/rr7305a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2025/2025-cdc-warns-of-listeria-outbreak-linked-to-recalled-chicken-fettuccine-alfredo-meals.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet600.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/injury-violence-prevention/programs/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/brfss/02/default.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/lung-cancer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0398.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/w2w/oregon.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7216a3.htm?s_cid=mm7216a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6950a2.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/pertussis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/cdc-ohio-health-department.html

…and more — 523 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r57.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html

---

## aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-82d17203`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e05344b9`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@aria-label="Official website of the United States government"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r18` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 374 instances; 371 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 371 of 3332 scanned pages (374 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html.
2. Locate the element: @aria-label="Official website of the United States government"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2025/2025-cdc-warns-of-listeria-outbreak-linked-to-recalled-chicken-fettuccine-alfredo-meals.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-108
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/emerging-infections-program/php/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/motor-vehicle/constructionequipmentvisibilitydiagram/terex-tx760.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet600.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/injury-violence-prevention/programs/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/health-equity/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/lung-cancer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/pertussis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/cdc-ohio-health-department.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/spanish/living/eatright.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet354.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/healthcare/risk-factors/infectious-agents.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2024-107/default.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/child-development/disability-safety
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/namcs/index.html

…and more — 371 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r18.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/heartland-virus/prevention/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/community-stories/madison-county-mo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/lung-cancer/statistics/index.html

---

## Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e58f18de`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f054f4a4`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r53` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 321 instances; 234 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 234 of 3332 scanned pages (321 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/rr/rr7305a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sickle-cell-research/php/transfusion-complications/social-media-graphics.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0398.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7216a3.htm?s_cid=mm7216a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6950a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ocas/pubm2011.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/s0522-human-case-h5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7432a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7137a4.htm?s_cid=mm7137a4_w

…and more — 234 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r53.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm

---

## No obsolete or deprecated elements are used (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8007b2bd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d033717`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r70` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 189 instances; 189 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
No obsolete or deprecated elements are used. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r70 on 189 of 3332 scanned pages (189 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r70.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001877.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001144.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5601a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/mar/09_0095_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054832.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5424a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5101a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5803a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039992.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5138md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/oct/05_0168.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055589.htm

…and more — 189 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r70.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4908a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5453a1.htm

---

## Presentational attribute (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8ee1d1a8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-04a9d28c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `body`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `presentational-attr`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 12044 instances; 102 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" class=" dmat-load-complete">
<!-- report header -->
<!--webbot bot="Include" U-Include="../../headers_footers/repo
```

### Description
Presentational attribute (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule presentational-attr on 102 of 3332 scanned pages (12044 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: body
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule presentational-attr.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0144_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/74/wr/mm7432a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/partnerships/toolkit/talk-hiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0123_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/jan/06_0025_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5645md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5431a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5713a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/su/su7103a1.htm?s_cid=su7103a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5848a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7307a1.htm?s_cid=mm7307a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038049.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/whoAllregt_cl45.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016525.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5046a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2022/prevalence_tables/table5_LLCP.html

…and more — 102 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__presentational-attr.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm

---

## Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9a1fc99d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7118fead`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r61` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 71 instances; 71 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 71 of 3332 scanned pages (71 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6331a2.htm?s_cid=mm6331a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6001a9.htm?s_cid=mm6001a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6041md.htm?s_cid=mm6041md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0256.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6322a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6302a2.htm?s_cid=mm6302a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/trichinellosis/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0028.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6447a6.htm?s_cid=mm6447a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6406a7.htm?s_cid=mm6406a7_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6404a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5932a4.htm?s_cid=mm5932a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/aging-programs
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a10.htm?s_cid=mm6008a10_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5904a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb-data/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6445a6.htm?s_cid=mm6445a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6009a3.htm?s_cid=mm6009a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/ohhabs/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6205a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5905a1.htm

…and more — 71 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r61.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6115a3.htm?s_cid=mm6115a3_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html

---

## Obsolete <font> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f2139b75`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-91d2294a`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `font-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 523 instances; 64 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font size="3" face="Arial, Helvetica, Verdana" color="#FFFFFF"><i><b>Weekly</b></i></font>
```

### Description
Obsolete <font> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule font-element on 64 of 3332 scanned pages (523 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule font-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5645md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5431a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5713a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5848a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038049.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016525.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5046a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036818.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001211.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a10.htm?s_cid=mm6008a10_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/NCHS24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6132a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6009a3.htm?s_cid=mm6009a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5520a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5850a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046433.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4829a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036634.htm

…and more — 64 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__font-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm

---

## Obsolete <big> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2ec646f7`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7845739d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `big`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `big-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 87 instances; 48 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big>
```

### Description
Obsolete <big> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule big-element on 48 of 3332 scanned pages (87 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm.
2. Locate the element: big
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule big-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035709.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5645md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017393.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5431a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5713a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038049.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016525.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5046a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036818.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001211.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022306.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5520a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046433.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4829a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036634.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00041170.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5607md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00053615.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5018a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00041736.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5111a1.htm

…and more — 48 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__big-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5242a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4935a1.htm

---

## Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fe06cf02`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2cd767ca`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3 id="heading-br0gxnossb">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r78` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 54 instances; 47 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 47 of 3332 scanned pages (54 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html.
2. Locate the element: <h3 id="heading-br0gxnossb">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6642a11.htm?s_cid=mm6642a11_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6620a4.htm?s_cid=mm6620a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0256.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0028.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6539a6.htm?s_cid=mm6539a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/109875.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10314
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/environmental-hazards-risks/heat-and-cold-illness-in-travelers.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ohhabs/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6624a1.htm?s_cid=mm6624a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/opioid-dispensing-rate-maps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-41.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6523a3.htm?s_cid=mm6523a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/aviation/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0337a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6629a2.htm?s_cid=mm6629a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10517
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0274e.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/tech_notes.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0203_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6605e2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6623a6.htm?s_cid=mm6623a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/school-health-conditions/chronic/diabetes.html

…and more — 47 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r78.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ptd/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6642a11.htm?s_cid=mm6642a11_w

---

## Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2a645350`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f2542d87`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<pre>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r79` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 60 instances; 19 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 19 of 3332 scanned pages (60 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm.
2. Locate the element: <pre>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039992.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055589.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056645.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038049.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039013.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054557.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00048395.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00036930.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045708.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00053615.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039785.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00035475.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039773.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050145.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00042288.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046738.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038136.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049560.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00050819.htm

---

## Obsolete <center> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5b2888ae`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-20060f39`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `center`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `center-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 79 instances; 18 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<center>
  <table border="0" width="140" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    
    <tbody><tr>
      <td width="140" bgcolor="#8A9683"><img border="0" src="www.cdc.gov/navimages/spacer.gif" width="140
```

### Description
Obsolete <center> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule center-element on 18 of 3332 scanned pages (79 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm.
2. Locate the element: center
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule center-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0123_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0018.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/jan/06_0025_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/f-keystat.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0064_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0214_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/jan/04_0087.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0097_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0097_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/sep/10_0224.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jan/10_0030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/08_0009_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0131_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0164_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0202_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0055_zhs.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0093_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2006/apr/05_0087_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0123_es.htm

---

## Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-591e676f`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3fb891c5`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<fieldset class="fieldset--radio-group">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r60` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 22 instances; 16 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 16 of 3332 scanned pages (22 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <fieldset class="fieldset--radio-group">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0256.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0028.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/import-permit-program/php/biopermit/biopermit-support-request.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/about/speakers/request-a-speaker.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0337a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0274e.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0203_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/about/cdc-moving-forward/feedback.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0195.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0100a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0295_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/archive_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a7.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

### Example pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/ncird/press-form/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind1994_ss.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0256.htm

---

## Element with orientation is not locked (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-57cf72b5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7fbb8b20`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r59` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 9 instances; 9 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### Description
Element with orientation is not locked. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r59 on 9 of 3332 scanned pages (9 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r59.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650md.htm?s_cid=mm6650md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/EIPConditions27.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/NCHS24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6606md.htm?s_cid=mm6606md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6524md.htm?s_cid=mm6524md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/professional_development/e-learning/cspap.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r59

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650md.htm?s_cid=mm6650md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2

---

## First focusable element is link to main content (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0b608478`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-aa242c2d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r87` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 6 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### Description
First focusable element is link to main content. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r87 on 6 of 3332 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"element","children":[{"type":"element","
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r87.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/EIPConditions27.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/NCHS24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/professional_development/e-learning/cspap.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/viral-hemorrhagic-fevers/hcp/diagnosis-testing/evaluating-an-ill-person-for-vhf.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt26.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/orr/ipp/etool-2023-2
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/EIPConditions27.html

---

## Tables are used for tabular data, not layout (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8cfefd87`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d3b2245`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container side data us outline-none position-relative">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r40` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 5 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W34 (11 weeks)

### Description
Tables are used for tabular data, not layout. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r40 on 5 of 3332 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html.
2. Locate the element: <div role="region" tabindex="0" class="map-container visualization-container side data us outline-none position-relative">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r40.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/hcp/toolkit/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/opioid-dispensing-rate-maps.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/php/surveillance-report/2020.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/php/core-elements/health-departments/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/outbreaks/clams-2026/locations.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/hcp/toolkit/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/data-research/facts-stats/opioid-dispensing-rate-maps.html

---

## Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e102cd8b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e5ec42f0`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/rcc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="h6">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r72` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W34 (7 weeks)

### Description
Element role is consistent with ARIA landmark. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r72 on 4 of 3332 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/rcc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="h6">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r72.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/rcc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/tech_notes.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/foundation-health-measures.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/namcs.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r72

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/covid19/npals/rcc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/tech_notes.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/foundation-health-measures.htm

---

## Form field error is identified and described (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1e379a1c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e43903a1`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<span class="subscript">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r75` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 11 instances; 2 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### Description
Form field error is identified and described. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r75 on 2 of 3332 scanned pages (11 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <span class="subscript">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r75.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a7.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5910a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5916a7.htm

---

## Obsolete <blink> element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-76c76044`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a84da368`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `blink-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 3332 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W34 (9 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
Obsolete <blink> element. Detected by deprecated-html rule blink-element on 1 of 3332 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule blink-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5634a5.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.