# Accessibility bug reports — www.cdc.gov, week 2026-W38

75 issue type(s) from 1858 pages scanned. Generated 2026-09-30 by [vital-scans](https://github.com/mgifford/vital-core), following [accessibility bug-reporting best practices](https://mgifford.github.io/ACCESSIBILITY.md/examples/ACCESSIBILITY_BUG_REPORTING_BEST_PRACTICES.html).

> Automated checks find roughly a third of accessibility barriers. Fields marked "requires manual testing" cannot be observed by an automated scan and need a human with assistive technology.

---
## Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c4fe3948`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-179ad9b3`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#content_area">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.8 — Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r113` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1323 instances; 145 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 145 of 1858 scanned pages (1323 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#content_area">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlycasestudies/2017/case439.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/museum/exhibits/health.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5013a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6439a11.htm?s_cid=mm6439a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/tres-razones/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm

…and more — 145 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r113.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9110246b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7dba940`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="/listeria/about/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="<em>Listeria </em>Infection (Listeriosis)">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.3 — Label in Name (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r14` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 129 instances; 66 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 66 of 1858 scanned pages (129 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <a href="/listeria/about/index.html" class="cdc-footer__super-title" aria-label="<em>Listeria </em>Infection (Listeriosis)">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Without speech** (0.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/firefighting
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rhabdo/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-rabdomiolisis-rabdo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-pregnancy/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.8.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/national-program-cancer-registries/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yersinia/about
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/es/prevention/prevencion-de-las-enfermedades-respiratorias.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/public-health-strategy/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/tres-razones/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/mmr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/wmp/common-wmp-questions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks/sproutedbeans-07-25/timeline.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/valley-fever/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mycoplasma/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/prep-collection-specimens.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/ppe-use.html

…and more — 66 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r14.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html

---

## Images must have alternative text (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-777e5ff0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9074b4dd`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="cdc.gov/"] > img[height="8"][alt=" "]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 3816 instances; 330 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8">
```

### Description
Images must have alternative text. Detected by axe-core rule image-alt on 330 of 1858 scanned pages (3816 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="cdc.gov/"] > img[height="8"][alt=" "]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-alt against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047831.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039041.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0148_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/oct/08_0226_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4901a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jul/09_0017_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0093_zht.htm

…and more — 330 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__image-alt.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> a meaningful alt attribute. Use alt="" only for decorative images so screen readers skip them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm

---

## Image has accessible name (WCAG 1.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-4129db5d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a24eaa8c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.1.1 — Non-text Content (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r2` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 791 instances; 86 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Image has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r2 on 86 of 1858 scanned pages (791 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r2 against WCAG 1.1.1 Non-text Content.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5013a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001905.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5030a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5829a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5412md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046702.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5738a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2010/may/09_0086_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5601a1.htm

…and more — 86 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r2.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <img> an accessible name (alt text), or alt="" if purely decorative.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r2

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f7eb7de8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9429bb8d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#accordion-4`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-required-children` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (12 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="accordion indicator-plus accordion-white mb3" id="accordion-4" role="tablist">
```

### Description
Certain ARIA roles must contain particular children. Detected by axe-core rule aria-required-children on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html.
2. Locate the element: #accordion-4
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-required-children against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add the child roles this container role requires (e.g. a list needs listitem children).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-required-children?application=axeAPI

---

## <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d0d36670`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a0bdbdf6`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `ol`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `list` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 47 instances; 21 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<ol type="1">
```

### Description
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 21 of 1858 scanned pages (47 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm.
2. Locate the element: ol
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016728.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/hcp/numbered/2015-115.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4813a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016335.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001909.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001639.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054649.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019820.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4901a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/bulletin/2019/breastfeeding-work.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00038078.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5114a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00045580.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5137a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html
- https://cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/measles.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016728.htm

---

## Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-653cd004`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-07ba3b17`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html  
**XPath / selector:** `table`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `td-headers-attr` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 13 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" class="opt-in table table-bordered">
```

### Description
Table cell headers attributes must refer to other <th> elements in the same tabl. Detected by axe-core rule td-headers-attr on 13 of 1858 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html.
2. Locate the element: table
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule td-headers-attr against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table11b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table4a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table5b.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table3a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2019/table4-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/pneumo-PCV20-risk-based.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/healthcare-use/2016/table_a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table12.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2019/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-adolescent-medical-indication.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2012/prevalence_tables/table11a_LLCP.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate data cells with their headers correctly using headers/id or scope.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/td-headers-attr?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table11b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm

---

## <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol> (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7d24023d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-6175596b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health-data/data-sources/national-survey-of-childrens-health.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[data-col="2"][role="cell"] > li`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `listitem` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 29 instances; 4 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<li>0-17</li>
```

### Description
<li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. Detected by axe-core rule listitem on 4 of 1858 scanned pages (29 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health-data/data-sources/national-survey-of-childrens-health.html.
2. Locate the element: .table-row.row[role="row"]:nth-child(1) > .table-col[data-col="2"][role="cell"] > li
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule listitem against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health-data/data-sources/national-survey-of-childrens-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/guidelinesc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/types.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/php/investigations/traits-successful-investigations.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** <li> must be inside a <ul> or <ol>.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/listitem?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health-data/data-sources/national-survey-of-childrens-health.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/guidelinesc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/types.html

---

## Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8689b181`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d6097011`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<ul>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r68` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 509 instances; 52 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 52 of 1858 scanned pages (509 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html.
2. Locate the element: <ul>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/our-work/previous.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rhabdo/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-rabdomiolisis-rabdo.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yersinia/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/php/methodology
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/mmr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/prevention.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/wmp/common-wmp-questions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/divisions-offices/about-dhqp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/measles/hcp/communication-resources/travel-mmr-flyer.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/valley-fever/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/living-with/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/inflammatory-bowel-disease/php/facts-stats/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/restaurant-food-safety/es/communication-resources/consejos-sobre-la-seguridad-de-los-alimentos-cuando-salga-a-comer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/communication-resources/hoja-informativa-la-tuberculosis.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco-health-equity/collection/hispanic-latino-unfair-and-unjust.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance/causes/environmental-food.html

…and more — 52 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r68.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html

---

## Element has required owned roles (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-72e2cf10`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3c632d31`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r64` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 9 instances; 9 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Element has required owned roles. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r64 on 9 of 1858 scanned pages (9 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r64 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5128a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5126a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5327a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5313a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5323a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5342a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5253a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5617a5.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r64

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5128a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5126a1.htm

---

## Element has required aria-owns (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7a99b570`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4408605e`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<th align="left" id="row1 " scope="row">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r46` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 167 instances; 7 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### Description
Element has required aria-owns. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r46 on 7 of 1858 scanned pages (167 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html.
2. Locate the element: <th align="left" id="row1 " scope="row">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r46 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table5b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0244.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2018/multiple_year/acbs_prevalence_18-20_table2a.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/healthcare-use/2016/table_a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table12.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r46

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table5b.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0244.htm

---

## Table cell has header (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-08c2819a`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f067795`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r77` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3144 instances; 5 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Table cell has header. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r77 on 5 of 1858 scanned pages (3144 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w.
2. Locate the element: <td scope="row" class="infrequent-end-table-title" colspan="16">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r77 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-45.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r77

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm

---

## aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3153c7af`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-9207ed51`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@headers="ActivePercent row21 "`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r45` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1168 instances; 5 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (13 weeks)

### Description
aria-hidden element is not exposed to assistive technology. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r45 on 5 of 1858 scanned pages (1168 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html.
2. Locate the element: @headers="ActivePercent row21 "
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r45 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table5b.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/healthcare-use/2016/table_a.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2009/prevalence_tables/table12.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r45

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2010/prevalence_tables/table5b.html

---

## Info and Relationships (WCAG 1.3.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-658471f3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33b49e3b`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<th id="total">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.3.1 — Info and Relationships (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r76` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W38 (9 weeks)

### Description
Info and Relationships. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r76 on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm.
2. Locate the element: <th id="total">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r76 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2021/table2-1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r76

---

## Links must be distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5ca3a17d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8ade3360`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/flash-steam-sterilization-parameters.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.all-pages`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.1 — Use of Color (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-in-text-block` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 86 instances; 47 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="all-pages" href="#toc">All pages <span class="cdc-fa-arrow-down-long"></span></a>
```

### Description
Links must be distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by axe-core rule link-in-text-block on 47 of 1858 scanned pages (86 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/flash-steam-sterilization-parameters.html.
2. Locate the element: .all-pages
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-in-text-block against WCAG 1.4.1 Use of Color.

### Impact
Affects Without color perception (4.5%), Limited vision (2.4%).
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/flash-steam-sterilization-parameters.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/grants/applying/tips.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/php/surveillance-guidance/figures-and-tables.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/preventing-mdros/correctional-facilities.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/environmental-control/appendix-b-air.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6353a2.htm?s_cid=mm6353a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/care-team-members.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/table-3-3.html
- https://cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/healthcare-personnel-epidemiology-control/rubella.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-sterilization/sterilization.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6326a2.htm?s_cid=mm6326a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/safe-labs/php/echo-biosafety-2023/ppe-use.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-2.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/avian-timeline/1880-1959.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6004a1.htm?s_cid=rr6004a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/table-2-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/table-2-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5935a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/hearing-loss-children-guide/parents-guide/hearing-loss-and-your-child.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6105a5.htm?s_cid=mm6105a5_w

…and more — 47 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-in-text-block.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-in-text-block?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/flash-steam-sterilization-parameters.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/grants/applying/tips.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html

---

## Scrollable region must have keyboard access (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b9a997df`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c613c153`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc_page_element.dfe-block--width-standard.dfe-block--cdcmodule:nth-child(5) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > div`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scrollable-region-focusable` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 34 instances; 16 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
```

### Description
Scrollable region must have keyboard access. Detected by axe-core rule scrollable-region-focusable on 16 of 1858 scanned pages (34 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html.
2. Locate the element: .cdc_page_element.dfe-block--width-standard.dfe-block--cdcmodule:nth-child(5) > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > div
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scrollable-region-focusable against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/environmental-control/appendix-b-air.html
- https://cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/hestat122.htm?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fupdates%2Ffeature-1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/GRADE/hepb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/post-travel-evaluation/post-travel-evaluation-of-the-ill-traveler.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/table-3-3.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/php/drug-free-communities/coalitions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/prams/php/data-research/codebooks-phase-7.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/table-2-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/pneumo-PCV20-risk-based.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-26.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/cholera-cvd-103-hgr.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-c/table-3-4.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-45.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/fluvaccine-asthma-children-2018-2020.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Make scrollable regions keyboard-focusable (tabindex="0") so keyboard users can scroll them.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scrollable-region-focusable?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/environmental-control/appendix-b-air.html
- https://cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/hestat122.htm?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fupdates%2Ffeature-1.html

---

## Keyboard (WCAG 2.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b6e7abc9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58346bcf`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-sm fs08 table-bordered " style="width: 100%; height: 322px;" data-preserve-inline-styles="true">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.1.1 — Keyboard (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r84` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W28, last seen 2026-W38 (8 weeks)

### Description
Keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r84 on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-sm fs08 table-bordered " style="width: 100%; height: 322px;" data-preserve-inline-styles="true">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r84 against WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)
- **Limited reach** (2.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r84

---

## <blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used (WCAG 2.2.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-68d794ad`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4b45acfe`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.2.2 — Pause, Stop, Hide (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `blink` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 8 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
<blink> elements are deprecated and must not be used. Detected by axe-core rule blink on 8 of 1858 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule blink against WCAG 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide.

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5606a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5504a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4910a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5606a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5208a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/blink?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5606a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm

---

## Links must have discernible text (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9b7b0d18`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e9fe47ac`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `link-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 438 instances; 141 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/"><img src="http://www.cdc.gov/navimages/nav21.gif" border="0" alt=" " width="140" height="8"></a>
```

### Description
Links must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule link-name on 141 of 1858 scanned pages (438 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(2) > tbody > tr > td[width="140"] > a[href$="cdc.gov/"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule link-name against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/KW88B80.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0148_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/oct/08_0226_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6625a5.htm?s_cid=mm6625a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jul/09_0017_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0093_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0058_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0243_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/VI8A61C8.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0215_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/apr/06_0105.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0305_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0199_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2010/jan/08_0176_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-managers/coverage/childvaxview/interactive-reports/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2013_su.html

…and more — 141 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__link-name.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link discernible text. Avoid empty links and icon-only links without an aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/link-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm

---

## Link has accessible name (WCAG 2.4.4)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0abc5280`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-28ebd979`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.4.4 — Link Purpose (In Context) (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r11` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 135 instances; 30 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Link has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r11 on 30 of 1858 scanned pages (135 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r11 against WCAG 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context).

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/VI8A61C8.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/XS501BD0.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2010/may/09_0086_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2023-107
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0220_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10142
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/BP456D70.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0244.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/radon/communication-resources/activity-book.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jul/05_0207_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/2005_oct_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0163_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0155.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/08_0063_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0045_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5606a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0017.htm

…and more — 30 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r11.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the link an accessible name via text content or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r11

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/VI8A61C8.html

---

## <html> element must have a lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-65d3e804`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c126b6a6`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `html-has-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 334 instances; 334 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
<html> element must have a lang attribute. Detected by axe-core rule html-has-lang on 334 of 1858 scanned pages (334 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule html-has-lang against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047831.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039041.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0148_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/oct/08_0226_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4901a4.htm

…and more — 334 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__html-has-lang.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a lang attribute to <html> (e.g. lang="en").

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/html-has-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm

---

## Document has a valid lang attribute (WCAG 3.1.1)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6661100e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7a0e5645`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<html>`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.1 — Language of Page (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r4` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 85 instances; 85 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Document has a valid lang attribute. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r4 on 85 of 1858 scanned pages (85 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <html>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r4 against WCAG 3.1.1 Language of Page.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5013a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001905.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5030a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5412md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046702.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwR/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5738a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2010/may/09_0086_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5601a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054287.htm

…and more — 85 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r4.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Add a valid lang attribute to <html>.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r4

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Form elements must have labels (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-2971dd61`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fafffee0`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#searchBox`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 104 instances; 101 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256" type="text" style="width: 230px;">
```

### Description
Form elements must have labels. Detected by axe-core rule label on 101 of 1858 scanned pages (104 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w.
2. Locate the element: #searchBox
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6348a1.htm?s_cid=mm6348a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/chestradiography/php/breader/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6416a6.htm?s_cid=mm6416a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5923md.htm?s_cid=mm5923md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6002a1.htm?s_cid=mm6002a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a9.htm?s_cid=mm6008a9_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6422a3.htm?s_cid=mm6422a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5950a6.htm?s_cid=mm5950a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6338a6.htm?s_cid=mm6338a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6424a4.htm?s_cid=mm6424a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6439a11.htm?s_cid=mm6439a11_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ind2013_su.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6433a3.htm?s_cid=mm6433a3_e
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6353a2.htm?s_cid=mm6353a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6004a14.htm?s_cid=su6004a14_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2012.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6328md.htm?s_cid=mm6328md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5905md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6134a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6445a7.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6316a9.htm?s_cid=mm6316a9_w

…and more — 101 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate every form control with a <label> (via for/id) or an aria-label/aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034a2.htm

---

## Select element must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f2651e80`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fab92378`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/chestradiography/php/breader/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#state_US`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `select-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 20 instances; 6 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<select id="state_US" class="ReaderSearchInput" name="state" size="1">
```

### Description
Select element must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule select-name on 6 of 1858 scanned pages (20 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/chestradiography/php/breader/index.html.
2. Locate the element: #state_US
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule select-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/chestradiography/php/breader/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Functional+limitation
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nhsr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?population=Older+adults

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the <select> an accessible name via a <label> or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/select-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/chestradiography/php/breader/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs.htm

---

## Buttons must have discernible text (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-baec1b22`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e7298c00`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhiv%2Fbasics%2Fwhatishiv.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#search__icon`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `button-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Critical  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W26, last seen 2026-W38 (10 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<button id="search__icon" class="c-search__icon"></button>
```

### Description
Buttons must have discernible text. Detected by axe-core rule button-name on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhiv%2Fbasics%2Fwhatishiv.html.
2. Locate the element: #search__icon
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule button-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhiv%2Fbasics%2Fwhatishiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via its text content, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/button-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about?CDC_AAref_Val=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhiv%2Fbasics%2Fwhatishiv.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/about/index.html

---

## ARIA commands must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d12ffc71`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-5c82bd60`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/es/data-research/datos-y-estadisticas-sobre-la-salud-mental-de-los-ninos.html  
**XPath / selector:** `th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-command-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 82 instances; 7 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<span role="button" class="sort-icon"><svg class="up" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 10 5"><path d="M0 5l5-5 5 5z"></path></svg><svg class="down" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" vi
```

### Description
ARIA commands must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-command-name on 7 of 1858 scanned pages (82 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/es/data-research/datos-y-estadisticas-sobre-la-salud-mental-de-los-ninos.html.
2. Locate the element: th[aria-labelledby=":r3:-heading-0"] > .sort-icon[role="button"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-command-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/es/data-research/datos-y-estadisticas-sobre-la-salud-mental-de-los-ninos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/situation-summary/about-current-outbreak.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ems-community-paramedicine/php/us/disparities.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-4.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the command (button/link/menuitem) an accessible name via text or aria-label.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-command-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/es/data-research/datos-y-estadisticas-sobre-la-salud-mental-de-los-ninos.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/situation-summary/about-current-outbreak.html

---

## Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-99ea0594`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3f76c7ea`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance/causes/environmental-food.html  
**XPath / selector:** `div[data-yt-id="AJhLlkX6j-s"] > iframe[allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"][title=""]`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `frame-title` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 7 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<iframe src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/AJhLlkX6j-s?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.cdc.gov?autohide=0&enablejsapi=1&modestbranding=1&rel=0&origin=https://www.
```

### Description
Frames must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule frame-title on 7 of 1858 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance/causes/environmental-food.html.
2. Locate the element: div[data-yt-id="AJhLlkX6j-s"] > iframe[allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"][title=""]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule frame-title against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance/causes/environmental-food.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/noise/es/about/aplicacion-de-niosh-para-medir-el-nivel-de-sonido.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0348
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/19_0286.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/communication-resources/video-series-on-living-with-thalassemia.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/clean-hands/hcp/training/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/features/breast-cancer.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give every <iframe> a descriptive title attribute.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/frame-title?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/antimicrobial-resistance/causes/environmental-food.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/noise/es/about/aplicacion-de-niosh-para-medir-el-nivel-de-sonido.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/prepared/index.html?s_cid=so_togetherconsumertk0348

---

## Interactive controls must not be nested (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1fc9862e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-58301a87`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/poblaciones/indoamericanos-o-nativos-de-alaska.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#acc-header-2`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `nested-interactive` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 15 instances; 5 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<div class="card-header h4 bg-white rounded-0 collapsed" role="tab" id="acc-header-2" href="#acc-panel-2" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-2" aria-controls="acc-panel-2" aria-expanded="f
```

### Description
Interactive controls must not be nested. Detected by axe-core rule nested-interactive on 5 of 1858 scanned pages (15 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/poblaciones/indoamericanos-o-nativos-de-alaska.html.
2. Locate the element: #acc-header-2
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule nested-interactive against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/poblaciones/indoamericanos-o-nativos-de-alaska.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/state_local_data.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/publichealthburnoutprevention/module-1/outline.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Don't nest interactive controls (e.g. a button inside a link); split them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/nested-interactive?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/poblaciones/indoamericanos-o-nativos-de-alaska.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/reports/2022/state_local_data.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html

---

## Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5c24038d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a48e6078`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r8` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 32 instances; 22 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 22 of 1858 scanned pages (32 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w.
2. Locate the element: <input id="searchBox" class="searchBox" name="query" maxlength="256">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6439a11.htm?s_cid=mm6439a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6340a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6247a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6326a2.htm?s_cid=mm6326a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037a8.htm?s_cid=mm6037a8_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6350a1.htm?s_cid=mm6350a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6045a1.htm?s_cid=mm6045a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6305a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6446a1.htm?s_cid=mm6446a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6349a7.htm?s_cid=mm6349a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/data-finder.htm?subject=Functional+limitation
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a6.htm?s_cid=mm6122a6_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6307a3.htm?s_cid=mm6307a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5938a1.htm?s_cid=mm5938a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nhsr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6133a1.htm?s_cid=mm6133a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6124a3.htm?s_cid=mm6124a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6304a1.htm?s_cid=mm6304a1_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6439a11.htm?s_cid=mm6439a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w

---

## Button has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-1b3e6a69`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-29f9f921`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<span role="button" class="sort-icon">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r12` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 52 instances; 4 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### Description
Button has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r12 on 4 of 1858 scanned pages (52 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html.
2. Locate the element: <span role="button" class="sort-icon">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r12 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-4.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/facility-worksheets-guide/05.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the button an accessible name via text, aria-label, or aria-labelledby.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r12

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-4.html

---

## Component with same name serves same purpose (WCAG 4.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5a342a32`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a2a3dffb`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<button class="btn btn-primary" style="line-height: 1.4em;">`  
**WCAG SC:** 4.1.2 — Name, Role, Value (Level A)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r90` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### Description
Component with same name serves same purpose. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r90 on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html.
2. Locate the element: <button class="btn btn-primary" style="line-height: 1.4em;">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r90 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Limited manipulation/strength** (13.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r90

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/burden-toolkit/state-burden-toolkit-mortality.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/free-mind/parents/real-talk.html

---

## Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-125e48c5`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-be8d563e`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[name="content_area"] > font[color="red"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `color-contrast` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 475 instances; 322 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font color="red">Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: </font>
```

### Description
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 322 of 1858 scanned pages (475 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[name="content_area"] > font[color="red"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047831.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/howrightnow/espanol/emocion/preocupacion/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039041.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4901a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6519a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4822md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039323.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm

…and more — 322 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__color-contrast.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm

---

## Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced) (WCAG 1.4.3)

**Bug ID:** `VS-c07d8d6d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f7e99f4b`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Published on June 15, 2010"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.3 — Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r69` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 843 instances; 149 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Text has sufficient color contrast (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r69 on 149 of 1858 scanned pages (843 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: text: "Published on June 15, 2010"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r69 against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

### Impact
Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).
- **Limited vision** (2.4% of population)
- **Without color perception** (4.5% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/getting-started/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/firefighting
- https://www.cdc.gov/kidney-disease/ckd-facts/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/transportation-safety/calculator/patrols.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/our-work/previous.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mis/signs-symptoms/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rhabdo/es/signs-symptoms/signos-y-sintomas-de-rabdomiolisis-rabdo.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-schedules/child-adolescent-addendum.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6622a3.htm

…and more — 149 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r69.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AA (4.5:1, or 3:1 for large text).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r69

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html

---

## lang attribute must have a valid value (WCAG 3.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-139ce83d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-dd1c019f`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-health-care-flyer.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > a[lang="__"][download="covercough_hcp8-5x11_khm.pdf"][aria-label="Download"]`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.2 — Language of Parts (Level AA)  
**Rule:** axe-core — `valid-lang` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (9 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a lang="__" class="cdc-block-link" href="/flu-resources/media/pdfs/2024/08/covercough_hcp8-5x11_khm.pdf" aria-label="Download" download="covercough_hcp8-5x11_khm.pdf" target="_blank">
```

### Description
lang attribute must have a valid value. Detected by axe-core rule valid-lang on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-health-care-flyer.html.
2. Locate the element: .dfe-curated-link__download.has-content > .download-container > a[lang="__"][download="covercough_hcp8-5x11_khm.pdf"][aria-label="Download"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule valid-lang against WCAG 3.1.2 Language of Parts.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-health-care-flyer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/prevention/sinus-rinsing.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/valid-lang?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu-resources/php/resources/cover-your-cough-health-care-flyer.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/prevention/sinus-rinsing.html

---

## Element with lang attribute has correct language (WCAG 3.1.2)

**Bug ID:** `VS-28bb8cff`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-400f3a18`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/prevention/sinus-rinsing.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@lang="urd"`  
**WCAG SC:** 3.1.2 — Language of Parts (Level AA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r7` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r7))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (3 weeks)

### Description
Element with lang attribute has correct language. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r7 on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/prevention/sinus-rinsing.html.
2. Locate the element: @lang="urd"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r7 against WCAG 3.1.2 Language of Parts.

### Impact
Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).
- **Without vision** (1.0% of population)
- **Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability** (11.0% of population)

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/prevention/sinus-rinsing.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r7

---

## Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6)

**Bug ID:** `VS-79f7dbe0`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-646b1e0b`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal"`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.6 — Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r66` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 11971 instances; 364 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 364 of 1858 scanned pages (11971 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: text: "Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/getting-started/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0241a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html

…and more — 364 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r66.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html

---

## Link is distinguishable without relying on color (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-f02504b6`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fbf54eba`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="deck">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r74` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 12173 instances; 177 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Link is distinguishable without relying on color. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r74 on 177 of 1858 scanned pages (12173 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="deck">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r74 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0241a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/14_0595a.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2021-124.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/firefighting
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/24_0051.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/providers-role.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-179
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm

…and more — 177 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r74.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r74

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7827616e`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2208081b`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="deck">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r73` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 30826 instances; 138 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 138 of 1858 scanned pages (30826 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="deck">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0241a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/14_0595a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/24_0051.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6519a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2021/20_0628e.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6622a3.htm

…and more — 138 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r73.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Scrollable element is keyboard accessible (WCAG 1.4.8)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6271eacd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-388b5438`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<p class="deck">`  
**WCAG SC:** 1.4.8 — Visual Presentation (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r80` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (13 weeks)

### Description
Scrollable element is keyboard accessible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r80 on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <p class="deck">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r80 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r80

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

---

## Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5)

**Bug ID:** `VS-d1f812b1`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-cb53cc4d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<a href="#content_area">`  
**WCAG SC:** 2.5.5 — Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA)  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r111` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 12969 instances; 432 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 432 of 1858 scanned pages (12969 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: <a href="#content_area">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm

…and more — 432 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r111.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html

---

## All page content should be contained by landmarks (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-38a56941`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f18df681`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `table[width="100%"][cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(6) > tbody > tr:nth-child(2)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `region` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 13022 instances; 1662 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<tr>
```

### Description
All page content should be contained by landmarks. Detected by axe-core rule region on 1662 of 1858 scanned pages (13022 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: table[width="100%"][cellpadding="0"]:nth-child(6) > tbody > tr:nth-child(2)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule region.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/connections/issue-23-2.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/anaplasmosis/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/acip/meetings/presentation-slides-june-21-23-2023.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/disinfection-and-sterilization/flash-steam-sterilization-parameters.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2015/multiple_year/afc_prevalence_12_table6.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/rubella/vaccine-impact/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/KW88B80.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/prevention/soil.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm

…and more — 1662 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__region.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Wrap all page content in landmarks (header, nav, main, footer) so users can navigate by region.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/region?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html

---

## Form elements should have a visible label (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b09af7b4`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-33841929`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `.smallfield`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `label-title-only` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 90 instances; 90 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<input class="smallfield" type="text" name="email" size="15" title="Insert e-mail" value="Insert e-mail" onfocus="this.value=''">
```

### Description
Form elements should have a visible label. Detected by axe-core rule label-title-only on 90 of 1858 scanned pages (90 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm.
2. Locate the element: .smallfield
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule label-title-only.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/07_0148_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/oct/08_0226_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jul/09_0017_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/04_0093_zht.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0058_zht.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0243_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0215_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/apr/06_0105.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/jan/07_0199_zhs.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2010/jan/08_0176_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0177.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0077_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0204.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0124_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0158.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jan/05_0065.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jan/06_0172_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/jul/07_0157_zhs.htm

…and more — 90 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__label-title-only.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/label-title-only?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm

---

## ARIA dialog and alertdialog nodes should have an accessible name (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-83e60365`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa724f90`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html  
**XPath / selector:** `#tooltip-\:ra\:`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-dialog-name` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-dialog-name?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W29, last seen 2026-W38 (8 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a id="tooltip-:ra:" role="dialog" tabindex="0" class="cove-tooltip--target" data-tooltip-float="false" data-tooltip-place="top" data-tooltip-isopen="true">
```

### Description
ARIA dialog and alertdialog nodes should have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-dialog-name on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html.
2. Locate the element: #tooltip-\:ra\:
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-dialog-name.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/exhibition

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Give the dialog an accessible name (aria-label or aria-labelledby).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-dialog-name?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/exhibition

---

## Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-8ce894db`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7430f84c`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#content"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `tabindex` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Serious  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (7 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a class="skippy visually-hidden-focusable" href="#content" tabindex="1">Ir al contenido del sitio</a>
```

### Description
Elements should not have tabindex greater than zero. Detected by axe-core rule tabindex on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#content"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule tabindex.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Avoid tabindex values greater than 0; they create a confusing tab order.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/tabindex?application=axeAPI

---

## Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-56e1ae8c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-8806389c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.page-right-rail__static`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-unique` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 534 instances; 518 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary" style="margin-top: 47px;">
```

### Description
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 518 of 1858 scanned pages (534 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html.
2. Locate the element: .page-right-rail__static
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/connections/issue-23-2.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/rubella/vaccine-impact/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/prevention/soil.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/research-programs/evaluation/plan.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/wildbirds.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/control-legionella/php/healthcare/federal-requirement.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/es/patients/clinical-trials.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/stop-overdose/stigma-reduction/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/caring/3-ways-help-manage-childs-type-1.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2023/hepatitis-a/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/signs-symptoms/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/linked-data/medicare/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/bulletin/2024/sept-11.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/pinkbook/hcp/table-of-contents/chapter-17-pneumococcal-disease.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html

…and more — 518 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-unique.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/connections/issue-23-2.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html

---

## Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9d7f38a2`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d25f622d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `h3`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `heading-order` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 688 instances; 504 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3>References </h3>
```

### Description
Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 504 of 1858 scanned pages (688 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm.
2. Locate the element: h3
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/KW88B80.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/su/su7103a5.htm?s_cid=su7103a5_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db16.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6616a2.htm?s_cid=mm6616a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7216a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047831.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/han/2024/han00505.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/dicrocoeliasis/index.html

…and more — 504 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__heading-order.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm

---

## Document should have one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9682ffae`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d5d82446`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-one-main` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 458 instances; 458 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html>
```

### Description
Document should have one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-one-main on 458 of 1858 scanned pages (458 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-one-main.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017426.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/may/09_0123.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/issues/2008/apr/07_0053_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5033a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5025a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/apr/05_0027.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5415a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047831.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039041.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6348a1.htm?s_cid=mm6348a1_w

…and more — 458 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__landmark-one-main.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Each page should have exactly one <main> landmark.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-one-main?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm

---

## Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-742aab37`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-fa44f293`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html  
**XPath / selector:** `html`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `page-has-heading-one` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 55 instances; 55 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<html lang="es-us" class="cdc-theme-cdc cdc-page-type--content" style="--mobile-header-offset: 0px;">
```

### Description
Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 55 of 1858 scanned pages (55 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html.
2. Locate the element: html
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/providers-role.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fragile-x-syndrome/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-pregnancy/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/national-program-cancer-registries/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ndi.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/flu-vaccines-work
- https://www.cdc.gov/fasd
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2024-2025/data/iliage42.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2024-2025/data/whoAllregt_cl24.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/shingles/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/es/site.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/schoolvaxview/site.html
- https://cdc.gov/immigrant-refugee-health/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/dental-infection-control/hcp/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/condom-use/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/covid/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ruralhealth
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/pneumonia
- http://www.cdc.gov/copd
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/bmscp_map.htm

…and more — 55 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__page-has-heading-one.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/site.html

---

## The skip-link target should exist and be focusable (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-24eadff3`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4edfe386`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0305_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `a[href$="#az"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `skip-link` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 10 instances; 10 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<a href="#az" class="skippy" title="Salte directo al listado de A-Z">Salte directo al listado de A-Z</a>
```

### Description
The skip-link target should exist and be focusable. Detected by axe-core rule skip-link on 10 of 1858 scanned pages (10 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0305_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: a[href$="#az"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule skip-link.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0305_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ndi.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0175_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0344_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/toxocariasis/hcp/clinical-care/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0286_es.htm
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0200_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Ensure the skip link targets a real, focusable element (its href must match an existing id).

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/skip-link?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0305_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ndi.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0136_es.htm

---

## scope attribute should be used correctly (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-9f5c124d`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0ba8ce9d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html  
**XPath / selector:** `.dfe-section:nth-child(1) > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_page_element > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > .table-responsive > div > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="col"]:nth-child(1)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `scope-attr-valid` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 71 instances; 8 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<td scope="col">Standard</td>
```

### Description
scope attribute should be used correctly. Detected by axe-core rule scope-attr-valid on 8 of 1858 scanned pages (71 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html.
2. Locate the element: .dfe-section:nth-child(1) > .dfe-block.dfe-block--cdcmodule.cdc_page_element > .dfe-block__inner > .cdc-textblock > .table-responsive > div > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(1) > td[scope="col"]:nth-child(1)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule scope-attr-valid.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/GRADE/hepb.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-27.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-26.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/flu/hcp/vaccine-supply/2022-2023.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/2008/summary_matrix_08.html

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/scope-attr-valid?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/iis/core-data-elements/problems.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/GRADE/hepb.html

---

## Contentinfo landmark should not be contained in another landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0b023134`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-424cced9`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-footer > footer`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (6 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<footer>
```

### Description
Contentinfo landmark should not be contained in another landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-footer > footer
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-contentinfo-is-top-level?application=axeAPI

---

## Document should not have more than one banner landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-96b547e9`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-054101da`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-header`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-no-duplicate-banner` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (9 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<header class="container cdc-header">
```

### Description
Document should not have more than one banner landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-header
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use only one banner landmark (<header> at the top level) per page.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-banner?application=axeAPI

---

## Document should not have more than one contentinfo landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-22e944fd`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-b465dfd7`  
**URL:** https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish  
**XPath / selector:** `.cdc-footer`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (6 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<footer class="container cdc-footer noindex" role="contentinfo">
```

### Description
Document should not have more than one contentinfo landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish.
2. Locate the element: .cdc-footer
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use only one contentinfo landmark (<footer> at the top level) per page.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-contentinfo?application=axeAPI

---

## ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-98c52b50`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-4fac2f41`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2008-118sp.html  
**XPath / selector:** `img[alt="2008-118sp"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `aria-allowed-role` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 93 instances; 81 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img src="/niosh/media/images/2026/05/2008-118_sp-cover.jpg" alt="2008-118sp" role="presentation">
```

### Description
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 81 of 1858 scanned pages (93 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2008-118sp.html.
2. Locate the element: img[alt="2008-118sp"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2008-118sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-128
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2009-105
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet643.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2021-124.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-179
- https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/NIOSH/docs/2010-117_sp
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2010-103sp.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2004-110/default.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2008-109.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/hcp/numbered/99-105.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2025-111.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2019-127.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/newsYouthCohortDeadline_20230818.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2004-175
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet1679.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2013-152.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/mining/works/coversheet1643.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2011-202_sp
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2017-125sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2017-202
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2017-133/default.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2002-101
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/administrator.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html

…and more — 81 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__aria-allowed-role.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/es/numbered/2008-118sp.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2022-128
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2009-105

---

## Headings should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-179ff5b1`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-0066c67d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `h3:nth-child(27)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-heading` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 32 instances; 32 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<h3>
      </h3>
```

### Description
Headings should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-heading on 32 of 1858 scanned pages (32 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm.
2. Locate the element: h3:nth-child(27)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-heading.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5343a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5411a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5314a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/NHIS/default.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5421a7.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5337a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/faqs/faq-au.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5339a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5334a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5128a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5608a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db42.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5540a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5507a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5334a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5126a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5504a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5420a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5327a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5137a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5238a1.htm

…and more — 32 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__empty-heading.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Remove empty headings or give them text. Don't use heading tags for spacing.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-heading?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5402a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5317a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5343a5.htm

---

## Table header text should not be empty (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-74cb4b23`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-d69fc059`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `#table-19 > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > .col-head:nth-child(4)`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `empty-table-header` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 97 instances; 31 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<th class="col-head" scope="col" rowspan="2">
							</th>
```

### Description
Table header text should not be empty. Detected by axe-core rule empty-table-header on 31 of 1858 scanned pages (97 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w.
2. Locate the element: #table-19 > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > .col-head:nth-child(4)
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule empty-table-header.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5923md.htm?s_cid=mm5923md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6002a1.htm?s_cid=mm6002a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/method-cas4.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a9.htm?s_cid=mm6008a9_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/05/table4-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5905md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2024-2025/data/iliage42.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6034md.htm?s_cid=mm6034md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6203a3.htm?s_cid=su6203a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-27.html
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/upcoming.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5935a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/about-nhsn/dua-faq.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6118md.htm?s_cid=mm6118md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-26.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/upcoming/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/71432.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/14_0488.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/2015/2015_responserates.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/07/table1-2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html

…and more — 31 pages total ([download CSV](csv/axe-core__empty-table-header.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/empty-table-header?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6016md.htm?s_cid=mm6016md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html

---

## Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-7ba89886`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f528778d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6616a2.htm?s_cid=mm6616a2_w  
**XPath / selector:** `img[title="m6616a2f1.gif"]`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** axe-core — `image-redundant-alt` ([reference](https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI))  
**Severity:** Minor  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (14 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="The figure above is an image of an oilfield derrickman climbing up to the derrick board." title="m6616a2f1.gif" src="/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/figures/m6616a2f1.
```

### Description
Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text. Detected by axe-core rule image-redundant-alt on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6616a2.htm?s_cid=mm6616a2_w.
2. Locate the element: img[title="m6616a2f1.gif"]
3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule image-redundant-alt.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6616a2.htm?s_cid=mm6616a2_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

### Testing environment
Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/image-redundant-alt?application=axeAPI

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6616a2.htm?s_cid=mm6616a2_w
- https://%5C%5C%5C%5Ccdc.gov%5C%5Cproject%5C%5COPHSS_CSELS_DPHID_MMWR_OD_Editors%5C%5CMMWR-WE%5C%5Cxxx%20-%20AUGUST%2021%5C%5CRoundtable%5C%5Cvqf8@cdc.gov/spanish

---

## Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-e9632198`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c18be945`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `text: "Skip directly to search"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r57` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4878 instances; 324 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Scrolling content can be accessed by keyboard. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r57 on 324 of 1858 scanned pages (4878 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html.
2. Locate the element: text: "Skip directly to search"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r57.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2011/prevalence_tables/table13.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/getting-started/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0241a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/14_0595a.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2021-124.html

…and more — 324 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r57.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r57

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html

---

## aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a9b08648`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e05344b9`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html  
**XPath / selector:** `@aria-label="Official website of the United States government"`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r18` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 243 instances; 231 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 231 of 1858 scanned pages (243 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html.
2. Locate the element: @aria-label="Official website of the United States government"
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/corrections/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-immunization/stop/frequently-asked-questions.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/technical-resource-center/phase-2.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/about/protecting-people.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/maritime/about/seafood-processing.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/children-mental-health/about/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-in-children.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/model-aquatic-health-code/php/about/creating-the-mahc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/abes/about/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/publications/protecting-patient-access-to-emergency-medications-act.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/delimeats-7-24/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/ecr/php/getting-started/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-exposure-report/whats-new/whats_new_072010.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/publications/numbered/2021-124.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/about/technical-notes.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/firefighting
- https://www.cdc.gov/kidney-disease/ckd-facts/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/providers-role.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-179
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/about/national-profile.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/acip/evidence-based-recommendations

…and more — 231 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r18.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/colorectal-cancer/risk-factors/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/thalassemia/stories/chanapa-tantibanchachais-story.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/globalhiv/index.html

---

## Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-885561ff`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f054f4a4`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<h3>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r53` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 163 instances; 123 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 123 of 1858 scanned pages (163 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm.
2. Locate the element: <h3>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/about_the_journal/Statistics_Review_Committee.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0263.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/23_0329.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7238a3.htm?s_cid=mm7238a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2024/24_0051.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6519a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6919e5.htm?s_cid=mm6919e5_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/VI8A61C8.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6622a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/rr/rr7001a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/spanish/dejar-fumar/medicamentos/tres-razones/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm

…and more — 123 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r53.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
**How to fix:** Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w

---

## No obsolete or deprecated elements are used (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-0c57a00b`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d033717`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r70` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 100 instances; 100 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
No obsolete or deprecated elements are used. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r70 on 100 of 1858 scanned pages (100 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":"-//W3C//
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r70.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00019549.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5505a6.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2007/oct/07_0012_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6519a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015030.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016693.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016754.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/08_0025.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5438a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/apr/08_0108.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5640a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0071.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5013a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001905.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5030a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5829a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5412md.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046702.htm

…and more — 100 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r70.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r70

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/toc.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021095.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00017425.htm

---

## Presentational attribute (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-bafcf2ac`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-04a9d28c`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `body`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `presentational-attr`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 5040 instances; 39 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" class=" dmat-load-complete">
<!-- report header -->
<!--webbot bot="Include" U-Include="../../headers_footers/repo
```

### Description
Presentational attribute (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule presentational-attr on 39 of 1858 scanned pages (5040 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm.
2. Locate the element: body
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule presentational-attr.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2018/17_0265a.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7202a3.htm?s_cid=mm7202a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0136_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016335.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7028a2.htm?s_cid=mm7028a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7242a1.htm?s_cid=mm7242a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049716.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055645.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/ss/ss7308a1.htm?s_cid=ss7308a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/acbs/2008/prevalence_tables/table1.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0286_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5643a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0210_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5504a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2025-2026/data/senAllregt05.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4901a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5646a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/2005_oct_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0163_fr.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7137a4.htm?s_cid=mm7137a4_w

…and more — 39 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__presentational-attr.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/data/senAllregt24.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2018/17_0265a.htm

---

## Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-509f0602`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7118fead`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r61` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 37 instances; 37 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 37 of 1858 scanned pages (37 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/providers-role.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines-pregnancy/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/national-program-cancer-registries/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6439a11.htm?s_cid=mm6439a11_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5952md.htm?s_cid=mm5952md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6340a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6247a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6326a2.htm?s_cid=mm6326a2_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037a8.htm?s_cid=mm6037a8_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6350a1.htm?s_cid=mm6350a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6045a1.htm?s_cid=mm6045a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6305a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/condom-use/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6446a1.htm?s_cid=mm6446a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6349a7.htm?s_cid=mm6349a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a6.htm?s_cid=mm6122a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6307a3.htm?s_cid=mm6307a3_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/site.html

…and more — 37 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r61.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/sti/es/site.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/storage-handling/providers-role.html

---

## Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-3c4f2ae8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-2cd767ca`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<h5>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r78` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 37 instances; 33 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 33 of 1858 scanned pages (37 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w.
2. Locate the element: <h5>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6519a2.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6622a3.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/yersinia/about
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/global-health/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/data-research/facts-stats/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6525a4.htm?s_cid=mm6525a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10142
- https://www.cdc.gov/la-crosse-encephalitis/data-maps/historic-data.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/condom-use/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/63/wr/mm6355a3.htm?s_cid=mm6355a3_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/tb/es/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/64/wr/mm6454a1.htm?s_cid=mm6454a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/71432.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/laboratory/specimen-submission/detail.html?CDCTestCode=CDC-10625
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6606a1.htm?s_cid=ss6606a1_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/drink-less-be-your-best/site.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2025-week-49.html

…and more — 33 pages total ([download CSV](csv/alfa__sia-r78.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6614a4.htm?s_cid=mm6614a4_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6650a7.htm?s_cid=mm6650a7_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2024-week-48.html

---

## Obsolete <font> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-20a690ad`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-91d2294a`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w  
**XPath / selector:** `font`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `font-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 245 instances; 30 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<font color="red">Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: <a href="mailto:mmwrq@cdc.gov">mmwrq@cdc.gov</a>
```

### Description
Obsolete <font> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule font-element on 30 of 1858 scanned pages (245 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w.
2. Locate the element: font
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule font-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6002a1.htm?s_cid=mm6002a1_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016335.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049716.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055645.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5643a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6104a6.htm?s_cid=mm6104a6_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5504a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4901a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5646a1.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6118md.htm?s_cid=mm6118md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5931a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5309a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5114a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001987.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5313a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5714a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4927a5.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6129a2.htm?s_cid=mm6129a2_w
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001737.htm

…and more — 30 pages total ([download CSV](csv/deprecated-html__font-element.csv)).

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6037md.htm?s_cid=mm6037md_w
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/weeklyarchives2023-2024/ILI30.html

---

## Obsolete <big> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-25b027bb`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-7845739d`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `big`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `big-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 25 instances; 22 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big>
```

### Description
Obsolete <big> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule big-element on 22 of 1858 scanned pages (25 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm.
2. Locate the element: big
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule big-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016335.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049716.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00055645.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5310a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5643a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5504a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4901a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5646a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5309a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5114a2.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001987.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5313a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5714a4.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4927a5.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001737.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5253a4.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5728a3.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001101.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5620a3.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114md.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00016335.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049716.htm

---

## Tables are used for tabular data, not layout (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5c3cfc55`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3d3b2245`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<div class="cdc-slider cdc-slider--layout-small" id="DFESlider_TB4pweyGQ" data-loop="true" data-responsive="{"0":"1","991":"2.34"}">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r40` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 9 instances; 7 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Tables are used for tabular data, not layout. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r40 on 7 of 1858 scanned pages (9 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html.
2. Locate the element: <div class="cdc-slider cdc-slider--layout-small" id="DFESlider_TB4pweyGQ" data-loop="true" data-responsive="{"0":"1","991":"2.34"}">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r40.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.8.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/la-crosse-encephalitis/data-maps/historic-data.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/reports/annual-report.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/about/index.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-state-local/php/state-profiles/index.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r40

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/global-health/countries/drc.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/autism-data-visualization-tool.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/2021surveillance/hepatitis-b/figure-2.8.htm

---

## Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a0b4b3ac`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-f2542d87`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<pre>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r79` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 31 instances; 6 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 6 of 1858 scanned pages (31 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm.
2. Locate the element: <pre>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046702.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054287.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00044239.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00052852.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039679.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

### Example pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046714.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00046702.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00054287.htm

---

## Obsolete <center> element (use CSS) (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-45b5b346`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-20060f39`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0210_es.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `center`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `center-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 11 instances; 6 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<center>
  <table border="0" width="140" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    
    <tbody><tr>
      <td width="140" bgcolor="#8A9683"><img border="0" src="www.cdc.gov/navimages/spacer.gif" width="140
```

### Description
Obsolete <center> element (use CSS). Detected by deprecated-html rule center-element on 6 of 1858 scanned pages (11 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0210_es.htm.
2. Locate the element: center
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule center-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0210_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/2005_oct_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0163_fr.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0039_zhs.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/scabies
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/apr/05_0182_es.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/apr/07_0210_es.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/PCD/es/2005_oct_toc.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0163_fr.htm

---

## First focusable element is link to main content (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-6e4e4aea`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-aa242c2d`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/newsYouthCohortDeadline_20230818.html  
**XPath / selector:** `{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r87` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (13 weeks)

### Description
First focusable element is link to main content. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r87 on 4 of 1858 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/newsYouthCohortDeadline_20230818.html.
2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r87.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/newsYouthCohortDeadline_20230818.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/vcfcompare.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/benefitscounseling.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r87

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/newsYouthCohortDeadline_20230818.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/wtc/contact.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/vcfcompare.html

---

## Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-de118c1c`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3fb891c5`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<fieldset>`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r60` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 4 instances; 4 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W38 (15 weeks)

### Description
Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 4 of 1858 scanned pages (4 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm.
2. Locate the element: <fieldset>
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0340.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/11_0109.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0142_es.htm
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0204.htm

---

## Assertive live region is marked as atomic (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-b3eb71c8`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-c461a167`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html  
**XPath / selector:** `<table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="2">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r54` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 3 instances; 3 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (12 weeks)

### Description
Assertive live region is marked as atomic. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r54 on 3 of 1858 scanned pages (3 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html.
2. Locate the element: <table class="table table-striped table-width-unset data-table horizontal" aria-live="assertive" aria-rowcount="2">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r54.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-4.html

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r54

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-b/figure-2-5.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2022/hepatitis-c/figure-3-5.html
- http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2021/hepatitis-b/figure-2-4.html

---

## Obsolete <blink> element (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-fc6b1ab1`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-a84da368`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `blink`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** deprecated-html — `blink-element`  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 2 instances; 2 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (11 weeks)

### HTML snippet
```html
<blink><big><strong>Disclaimer</strong></big></blink>
```

### Description
Obsolete <blink> element. Detected by deprecated-html rule blink-element on 2 of 1858 scanned pages (2 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm.
2. Locate the element: blink
3. Confirm the deprecated-html finding for rule blink-element.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: deprecated-html, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Example pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5301a15.htm
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm

---

## Focus is not lost after interaction (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-a9fba725`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-3804c2fa`  
**URL:** https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0026.htm  
**XPath / selector:** `<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r86` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r86))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 6 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W31, last seen 2026-W38 (2 weeks)

### Description
Focus is not lost after interaction. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r86 on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (6 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0026.htm.
2. Locate the element: <span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r86.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2020/20_0026.htm

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r86

---

## Form field error is identified and described (WCAG criterion undetermined)

**Bug ID:** `VS-5db7ccab`  
**Pattern ID:** `VS-e43903a1`  
**URL:** http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6124a3.htm?s_cid=mm6124a3_w  
**XPath / selector:** `<span class="subscript">`  
**WCAG SC:** _undetermined_  
**Rule:** Siteimprove Alfa — `sia-r75` ([reference](https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75))  
**Severity:** Moderate  
**Frequency:** 1 instances; 1 of 1858 pages affected
  
**History:** first seen 2026-W25, last seen 2026-W38 (12 weeks)

### Description
Form field error is identified and described. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r75 on 1 of 1858 scanned pages (1 instances).

### Steps to reproduce
1. Open http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6124a3.htm?s_cid=mm6124a3_w.
2. Locate the element: <span class="subscript">
3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r75.

### Impact
Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Affected pages
- http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6124a3.htm?s_cid=mm6124a3_w

### Testing environment
Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

### Suggested fix
See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r75