vital-scans open quality ledger

data.healthcare.gov: Accessibility — week 2026-W39

Automated Accessibility Conformance Report (OpenACR): Download ACR. Machine-readable; compatible with GSA OpenACR tooling. Automated tools find ~⅓ of real barriers — supplement with manual AT testing.

Training priorities

Top WCAG success criteria by pages affected this week. Use these to focus team training on the highest-impact issues.

SCCriterionPagesRulesNotes
1.4.8 WCAG 1.4.8 753 1
2.5.5 WCAG 2.5.5 753 1
4.1.2 Name, Role, Value (ARIA) 650 3
1.4.6 WCAG 1.4.6 582 1
2.5.3 WCAG 2.5.3 4 1

Next 10 actions

Clusters are fingerprinted by normalized selector path + rule id + snippet shape. Rank score = (severity weight × pages affected) / distinct components for the rule. This supersedes the template threshold heuristic while still surfacing it as a validation signal.

Top 10 clustered component fixes for this week.
ClusterSeverityPagesWho it affectsHow to fixEvidenceDecision
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~753 finding(s) on 753 page(s).
XPath / selector: <p class="ds-c-usa-banner__header-text">
Moderate 753 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73 pages (CSV)
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~753 finding(s) on 753 page(s).
XPath / selector: <p class="ds-c-usa-banner__action ds-u-align-items--center ds-u-md-display--none ds-u-display--flex">
Moderate 753 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73 pages (CSV)
Text has enhanced contrast · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~1160 finding(s) on 580 page(s).
XPath / selector: text: "opens in new window"
Moderate 580 Requires manual testing. Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1). pages (CSV)
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~646 finding(s) on 646 page(s).
XPath / selector: <p class="ds-u-margin--0 ds-u-font-weight--bold">
Moderate 646 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73 pages (CSV)
aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~646 finding(s) on 646 page(s).
XPath / selector: <div aria-labelledby="api__tab" aria-hidden="true" class="ds-c-tabs__panel" id="api">
Moderate 646 Without vision, Limited vision, Limited manipulation/strength See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17 pages (CSV)
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~751 finding(s) on 751 page(s).
XPath / selector: <a href="/" title="Data.Healthcare home">
Moderate 751 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111 pages (CSV)
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~751 finding(s) on 751 page(s).
XPath / selector: <button class="ds-c-button ds-c-button--ghost ds-u-lg-border--0 dkan-c-header-search--modal-button" type="button">
Moderate 751 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111 pages (CSV)
aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~561 finding(s) on 561 page(s).
XPath / selector: <div aria-labelledby="overview__tab" aria-hidden="true" class="ds-c-tabs__panel" id="overview">
Moderate 561 Without vision, Limited vision, Limited manipulation/strength See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17 pages (CSV)
aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~541 finding(s) on 541 page(s).
XPath / selector: <div aria-labelledby="data-dictionary__tab" aria-hidden="true" class="ds-c-tabs__panel" id="data-dictionary">
Moderate 541 Without vision, Limited vision, Limited manipulation/strength See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17 pages (CSV)
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) · unattributed component
Fix one place, resolve ~689 finding(s) on 689 page(s).
XPath / selector: <a class="dkan-c-header--link ds-c-button ds-c-button--ghost" href="/datasets">
Moderate 689 Requires manual testing. See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111 pages (CSV)

Bug reports

4 issue type(s) are shown by default out of 23 total. Prioritized by severity, key pages, WCAG level, and prevalence; use the toggle to show everything.

Overall severity mix: 3 serious, 19 moderate, 1 minor. By WCAG category: 5 WCAG 2.0 A, 1 WCAG 2.0 AA, 1 WCAG 2.1 A, 1 WCAG 2.2 AA, 3 WCAG 2.x AAA, 6 Best Practice, 6 Undetermined. Ordered by severity, key-page impact, WCAG level, and prevalence. Following accessibility bug-reporting best practices. Download: Markdown · JSON (full archive) · JSON (AI diagnostic) · CSV (all findings) · Priority pages CSV · Priority pages JSON.

Automated testing does not establish full WCAG conformance. Findings in the verification lane require manual testing before they are treated as confirmed failures.

Default view shows 4 prioritized issue type(s); 19 more are available if you switch to "Show everything".

2 finding(s) marked "possible duplicate" — Alfa and axe-core both flagged the same WCAG SC on overlapping pages. If they target the same element, the axe-core report is authoritative. Filter the CSV by possible_duplicate_of to see these. Two engines flagging the same barrier reduces the chance of a false positive.

Findings needing review

These findings need manual verification before they can be treated as confirmed failures. Obligation remains visible for each finding.

Link to this finding Serious axe list WCAG 2.0 A <ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements (WCAG 1.3.1) 2/2155 pages · 2 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-040126f1
Pattern ID
VS-a0bdbdf6
Combined ID
VS-040126f1 (pattern VS-a0bdbdf6) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
1.3.1 Info and Relationships (Level A, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
ol[data-testid="results-list"]
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<ol class="dc-dataset-search-list ds-u-padding--0 ds-u-margin-top--0 ds-u-margin-bottom--4 ds-u-display--block" data-testid="results-list">

Description

<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements. Detected by axe-core rule list on 2 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/datasets?keyword%5B%5D=2025.
  2. Locate the element: ol[data-testid="results-list"]
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule list against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability — 11.0% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Use <ul>/<ol> with only <li> children for lists; don't fake lists with <div>s.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/list?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Serious axe color-contrast WCAG 2.0 AA Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds (WCAG 1.4.3) 1/2155 pages · 2 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-491a9d67
Pattern ID
VS-be8d563e
Combined ID
VS-491a9d67 (pattern VS-be8d563e) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 AA
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) (Level AA, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
small:nth-child(1) > pre
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<pre class="version"> v1 </pre>

Description

Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. Detected by axe-core rule color-contrast on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority.
  2. Locate the element: small:nth-child(1) > pre
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule color-contrast against WCAG 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum).

Impact

Affects Limited vision (2.4%), Without color perception (4.5%).

  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Without color perception — 4.5% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Increase the contrast between text and its background to at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text). Check both light and dark modes.

Drupal tip: Check your Drupal theme's base CSS. Themes like Olivero and Bartik have contrast issues in default color schemes — override failing color pairs in your subtheme's style.css.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/color-contrast?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Serious axe aria-input-field-name WCAG 2.0 A ARIA input fields must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-6da23a9b
Pattern ID
VS-0841abc2
Combined ID
VS-6da23a9b (pattern VS-0841abc2) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
4.1.2 Name, Role, Value (Level A, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
.select2-selection
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<span class="select2-selection select2-selection--multiple" role="combobox" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="false">

Description

ARIA input fields must have an accessible name. Detected by axe-core rule aria-input-field-name on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/de-intake-form.
  2. Locate the element: .select2-selection
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-input-field-name against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Limited manipulation/strength — 13.0% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-input-field-name?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r17 WCAG 2.0 A aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements (WCAG 4.1.2) 648/2155 pages · 1752 instances Likely template
Bug ID
VS-2318d377
Pattern ID
VS-f6cf30ff
Combined ID
VS-2318d377 (pattern VS-f6cf30ff) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
4.1.2 Name, Role, Value (Level A, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
<div aria-labelledby="api__tab" aria-hidden="true" class="ds-c-tabs__panel" id="api">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

Description

aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r17 on 648 of 2155 scanned pages (1752 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/dataset/8dcm-4bzw.
  2. Locate the element: <div aria-labelledby="api__tab" aria-hidden="true" class="ds-c-tabs__panel" id="api">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r17 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Limited manipulation/strength — 13.0% of population

Affected pages

…and more — all 648 pages (CSV).

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r17

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r111 WCAG 2.x AAA Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) (WCAG 2.5.5) 753/2155 pages · 22865 instances Likely template
Bug ID
VS-c94f23e6
Pattern ID
VS-cb53cc4d
Combined ID
VS-c94f23e6 (pattern VS-cb53cc4d) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.x AAA
Obligation
aspirational
Handling
review
WCAG SC
2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced) (Level AAA, WCAG 2.1)
XPath / selector
<a href="/" title="Data.Healthcare home">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

Description

Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r111 on 753 of 2155 scanned pages (22865 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/ab-registration-completion-list?page=5.
  2. Locate the element: <a href="/" title="Data.Healthcare home">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r111 against WCAG 2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced).

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

…and more — all 753 pages (CSV).

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r111

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r73 WCAG 2.x AAA Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 (WCAG 1.4.8) 753/2155 pages · 5318 instances Likely template
Bug ID
VS-87760ea4
Pattern ID
VS-2208081b
Combined ID
VS-87760ea4 (pattern VS-2208081b) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.x AAA
Obligation
aspirational
Handling
review
WCAG SC
1.4.8 Visual Presentation (Level AAA, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
<p class="ds-c-usa-banner__header-text">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

Description

Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r73 on 753 of 2155 scanned pages (5318 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/ab-registration-completion-list?page=5.
  2. Locate the element: <p class="ds-c-usa-banner__header-text">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r73 against WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

…and more — all 753 pages (CSV).

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r73

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r66 WCAG 2.x AAA Text has enhanced contrast (WCAG 1.4.6) 582/2155 pages · 1171 instances Likely template
Bug ID
VS-8394c73f
Pattern ID
VS-646b1e0b
Combined ID
VS-8394c73f (pattern VS-646b1e0b) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.x AAA
Obligation
aspirational
Handling
review
WCAG SC
1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced) (Level AAA, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
text: "opens in new window"
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

Description

Text has enhanced contrast. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r66 on 582 of 2155 scanned pages (1171 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/ab-registration-completion-list?page=5.
  2. Locate the element: text: "opens in new window"
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r66 against WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced).

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

…and more — all 582 pages (CSV).

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Increase text contrast to meet WCAG AAA (7:1).

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r66

Link to this finding Moderate axe landmark-unique Best Practice Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c (WCAG criterion undetermined) 7/2155 pages · 8 instances
Bug ID
VS-a7f3ade0
Pattern ID
VS-8806389c
Combined ID
VS-a7f3ade0 (pattern VS-8806389c) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
.dkan-c-main-nav
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<nav class="dkan-c-main-nav">

Description

Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) c. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-unique on 7 of 2155 scanned pages (8 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/about.
  2. Locate the element: .dkan-c-main-nav
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-unique.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: When a landmark role/type repeats (e.g. two <nav>s), give each a distinct accessible name with aria-label or aria-labelledby (e.g. "Primary" and "Footer" navigation) so screen-reader users can tell them apart.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-unique?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate axe heading-order Best Practice Heading levels should only increase by one (WCAG criterion undetermined) 6/2155 pages · 6 instances
Bug ID
VS-5d1ab417
Pattern ID
VS-d25f622d
Combined ID
VS-5d1ab417 (pattern VS-d25f622d) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
.ds-u-lg-padding-top--0 > h4
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<h4 class="ds-text-heading--2xl">Find and download Healthcare.gov datasets</h4>

Description

Heading levels should only increase by one. Detected by axe-core rule heading-order on 6 of 2155 scanned pages (6 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/?page=3.
  2. Locate the element: .ds-u-lg-padding-top--0 > h4
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule heading-order.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Use heading levels in order (h1 → h2 → h3) without skipping; structure, not size.

Drupal tip: Drupal Views and blocks can insert headings at arbitrary levels. In the Views UI, set "Title tag" for each display. For block titles, configure the heading level in the block's layout settings.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/heading-order?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r61 Undetermined Form field label is visible (WCAG criterion undetermined) 5/2155 pages · 5 instances
Bug ID
VS-2c9cef50
Pattern ID
VS-7118fead
Combined ID
VS-2c9cef50 (pattern VS-7118fead) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
{"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

Description

Form field label is visible. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r61 on 5 of 2155 scanned pages (5 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/about.
  2. Locate the element: {"type":"document","children":[{"type":"type","name":"html","publicId":null,"sys
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r61.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r61

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r53 Undetermined Headings are structured hierarchically (WCAG criterion undetermined) 5/2155 pages · 5 instances
Bug ID
VS-626eaba5
Pattern ID
VS-f054f4a4
Combined ID
VS-626eaba5 (pattern VS-f054f4a4) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
<h4 class="ds-text-heading--2xl">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (15 wk)

Description

Headings are structured hierarchically. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r53 on 5 of 2155 scanned pages (5 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/?page=3.
  2. Locate the element: <h4 class="ds-text-heading--2xl">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r53.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Use headings in a logical, non-skipping order.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r53

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r14 WCAG 2.1 A Accessible name of link or button matches visible label (WCAG 2.5.3) 4/2155 pages · 24 instances
Bug ID
VS-8bc0c809
Pattern ID
VS-f7dba940
Combined ID
VS-8bc0c809 (pattern VS-f7dba940) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.1 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
2.5.3 Label in Name (Level A, WCAG 2.1)
XPath / selector
<a data-testid="card-a" data-title="Public Use Files" aria-labelledby="idRef-link-0" aria-describedby="idRef-desc-0">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (15 wk)

Description

Accessible name of link or button matches visible label. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r14 on 4 of 2155 scanned pages (24 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/?page=3.
  2. Locate the element: <a data-testid="card-a" data-title="Public Use Files" aria-labelledby="idRef-link-0" aria-describedby="idRef-desc-0">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r14 against WCAG 2.5.3 Label in Name.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Without speech (0.5%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Without speech — 0.5% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r14

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r18 Undetermined aria attribute is permitted for element role (WCAG criterion undetermined) 3/2155 pages · 10 instances
Bug ID
VS-91d8dc58
Pattern ID
VS-e05344b9
Combined ID
VS-91d8dc58 (pattern VS-e05344b9) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
@aria-labelledby="faqs_heading"
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (14 wk)

Description

aria attribute is permitted for element role. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r18 on 3 of 2155 scanned pages (10 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/cciio/ecp_form?faq=how+do+i+download+csv+files+in+excel%3F.
  2. Locate the element: @aria-labelledby="faqs_heading"
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r18.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Only use ARIA states/properties that are allowed on this element/role.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r18

Link to this finding Moderate axe landmark-no-duplicate-main Best Practice Document should not have more than one main landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined) 2/2155 pages · 2 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-6ffe77f2
Pattern ID
VS-cd69be3a
Combined ID
VS-6ffe77f2 (pattern VS-cd69be3a) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
#main-content
History
first seen 2026-W38, last seen 2026-W39 (2 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<main id="main-content" tabindex="-1" class="ds-u-padding-top--4">

Description

Document should not have more than one main landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-no-duplicate-main on 2 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority.
  2. Locate the element: #main-content
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-no-duplicate-main.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-no-duplicate-main?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate axe landmark-main-is-top-level Best Practice Main landmark should not be contained in another landmark (WCAG criterion undetermined) 2/2155 pages · 2 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-a33223cc
Pattern ID
VS-ff3ceb19
Combined ID
VS-a33223cc (pattern VS-ff3ceb19) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
#operations
History
first seen 2026-W38, last seen 2026-W39 (2 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<main id="operations" tabindex="-1" style="outline: none;">

Description

Main landmark should not be contained in another landmark. Detected by axe-core rule landmark-main-is-top-level on 2 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority.
  2. Locate the element: #operations
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule landmark-main-is-top-level.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/landmark-main-is-top-level?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r68 WCAG 2.0 A Presentational children of an element are not focusable (WCAG 1.3.1) 2/2155 pages · 2 instances · possible duplicate Likely content
Bug ID
VS-00dec8e8
Pattern ID
VS-d6097011
Combined ID
VS-00dec8e8 (pattern VS-d6097011) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
1.3.1 Info and Relationships (Level A, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
<ol class="dc-dataset-search-list ds-u-padding--0 ds-u-margin-top--0 ds-u-margin-bottom--4 ds-u-display--block" data-testid="results-list">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (12 wk)
Possible duplicate
Same WCAG SC covered by axe report VS-040126f1 (pattern VS-a0bdbdf6). If axe and this engine flag the same element, the axe report takes precedence — mark this as duplicate in JIRA.

Description

Presentational children of an element are not focusable. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r68 on 2 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/datasets?keyword%5B%5D=2025.
  2. Locate the element: <ol class="dc-dataset-search-list ds-u-padding--0 ds-u-margin-top--0 ds-u-margin-bottom--4 ds-u-display--block" data-testid="results-list">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r68 against WCAG 1.3.1 Info and Relationships.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability (11.0%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Limited cognitive, language, or learning ability — 11.0% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r68

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r79 Undetermined Duplicate role landmark is labeled (WCAG criterion undetermined) 1/2155 pages · 2 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-f270f7c1
Pattern ID
VS-f2542d87
Combined ID
VS-f270f7c1 (pattern VS-f2542d87) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
<pre class="version">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (9 wk)

Description

Duplicate role landmark is labeled. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r79 on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (2 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority.
  2. Locate the element: <pre class="version">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r79.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r79

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r8 WCAG 2.0 A Form field has accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances · possible duplicate Likely content
Bug ID
VS-1b806121
Pattern ID
VS-a48e6078
Combined ID
VS-1b806121 (pattern VS-a48e6078) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.0 A
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
4.1.2 Name, Role, Value (Level A, WCAG 2.0)
XPath / selector
<span class="select2-selection select2-selection--multiple" role="combobox" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (8 wk)
Possible duplicate
Same WCAG SC covered by axe report VS-6da23a9b (pattern VS-0841abc2). If axe and this engine flag the same element, the axe report takes precedence — mark this as duplicate in JIRA.

Description

Form field has accessible name. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r8 on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/de-intake-form.
  2. Locate the element: <span class="select2-selection select2-selection--multiple" role="combobox" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r8 against WCAG 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value.

Impact

Affects Without vision (1.0%), Limited vision (2.4%), Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%).

  • Without vision — 1.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population
  • Limited manipulation/strength — 13.0% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Associate the form field with a label.

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r8

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r60 Undetermined Input purpose can be determined (WCAG criterion undetermined) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-e5473af1
Pattern ID
VS-3fb891c5
Combined ID
VS-e5473af1 (pattern VS-3fb891c5) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
<fieldset class="ds-u-border--1 ds-u-border--dark ds-u-padding--2">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (10 wk)

Description

Input purpose can be determined. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r60 on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/ab-registration-tracker.
  2. Locate the element: <fieldset class="ds-u-border--1 ds-u-border--dark ds-u-padding--2">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r60.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r60

Link to this finding Moderate axe page-has-heading-one Best Practice Page should contain a level-one heading (WCAG criterion undetermined) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-f721481c
Pattern ID
VS-fa44f293
Combined ID
VS-f721481c (pattern VS-fa44f293) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
html
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#" class=" js" data-once="apfsCard ecpFAQDrawer ecpBehavior">

Description

Page should contain a level-one heading. Detected by axe-core rule page-has-heading-one on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/ab-registration-tracker/status.
  2. Locate the element: html
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule page-has-heading-one.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/page-has-heading-one?application=axeAPI

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r78 Undetermined Table header has scope (WCAG criterion undetermined) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-9873487a
Pattern ID
VS-2cd767ca
Combined ID
VS-9873487a (pattern VS-2cd767ca) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Undetermined
Obligation
unmapped
Handling
review
WCAG SC
undetermined
XPath / selector
<h2 class="ds-c-alert__heading">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (10 wk)

Description

Table header has scope. Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r78 on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/datasets?keyword%5B%5D=2025.
  2. Locate the element: <h2 class="ds-c-alert__heading">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r78.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r78

Link to this finding Moderate alfa sia-r113 WCAG 2.2 AA Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) (WCAG 2.5.8) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-19162bae
Pattern ID
VS-179ad9b3
Combined ID
VS-19162bae (pattern VS-179ad9b3) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
WCAG 2.2 AA
Obligation
required
Handling
review
WCAG SC
2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum) (Level AA, WCAG 2.2)
XPath / selector
<textarea class="select2-search__field" type="search" tabindex="0" autocorrect="off">
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (8 wk)

Description

Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum). Detected by Siteimprove Alfa rule sia-r113 on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/de-intake-form.
  2. Locate the element: <textarea class="select2-search__field" type="search" tabindex="0" autocorrect="off">
  3. Confirm the Siteimprove Alfa finding for rule sia-r113 against WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum).

Impact

Affects Limited manipulation/strength (13.0%), Limited reach (2.0%), Limited vision (2.4%).

  • Limited manipulation/strength — 13.0% of population
  • Limited reach — 2.0% of population
  • Limited vision — 2.4% of population

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: Siteimprove Alfa, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

See remediation guidance: https://alfa.siteimprove.com/rules/sia-r113

Link to this finding Minor axe aria-allowed-role Best Practice ARIA role should be appropriate for the element (WCAG criterion undetermined) 1/2155 pages · 1 instances Likely content
Bug ID
VS-62ce8095
Pattern ID
VS-4fac2f41
Combined ID
VS-62ce8095 (pattern VS-4fac2f41) — use this format in JIRA/spreadsheets to filter by instance or pattern
WCAG category
Best Practice
Obligation
advisory
Handling
review
WCAG SC
Best Practice — not a WCAG requirement
XPath / selector
.select2-search__field
History
first seen 2026-W24, last seen 2026-W39 (16 wk)

HTML snippet — use this to validate the finding without re-running the tool

<textarea class="select2-search__field" type="search" tabindex="0" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="none" spellcheck="false" role="searchbox" aria-autocomplete="list" autocomplete="off" aria-label="S

Description

ARIA role should be appropriate for the element. Detected by axe-core rule aria-allowed-role on 1 of 2155 scanned pages (1 instances).

Steps to reproduce

  1. Open https://data.healthcare.gov/de-intake-form.
  2. Locate the element: .select2-search__field
  3. Confirm the axe-core finding for rule aria-allowed-role.

Impact

Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Affected pages

Testing environment

Automated: axe-core, headless Chromium (Playwright). Manual AT verification: Not captured by automated scan — requires manual testing.

Suggested fix

How to fix: Remove or change the ARIA role — it isn't allowed on this element type.

See remediation guidance: https://dequeuniversity.com/rules/axe/4.12/aria-allowed-role?application=axeAPI

Deque axe-core findings

Rule-level axe-core summary (9 rule type(s))

Each failing rule links out to the axe-core documentation. For full element-level detail including HTML snippets and XPaths, see the bug reports above.

axe-core rules failing in 2026-W39, by pages affected
RuleImpactPages affectedInstancesExample pagesAll affected
Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) combination [landmark-unique] moderate 7 8 /about
/about/faq
/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority
all 7 pages (CSV)
Heading levels should only increase by one [heading-order] moderate 6 6 /
/
/
all 6 pages (CSV)
Main landmark should not be contained in another landmark [landmark-main-is-top-level] moderate 2 2 /AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority
/about/api
all 2 pages (CSV)
Document should not have more than one main landmark [landmark-no-duplicate-main] moderate 2 2 /AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority
/about/api
all 2 pages (CSV)
<ul> and <ol> must only directly contain <li>, <script> or <template> elements [list] serious 2 2 /datasets
/datasets
all 2 pages (CSV)
Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds [color-contrast] serious 1 2 /AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority all 1 pages (CSV)
ARIA role should be appropriate for the element [aria-allowed-role] minor 1 1 /de-intake-form all 1 pages (CSV)
ARIA input fields must have an accessible name [aria-input-field-name] serious 1 1 /de-intake-form all 1 pages (CSV)
Page should contain a level-one heading [page-has-heading-one] moderate 1 1 /ab-registration-tracker/status all 1 pages (CSV)

Siteimprove Alfa findings

Rule-level Alfa summary (14 rule type(s))

Rule-level summary from Siteimprove Alfa (W3C ACT-based). Findings that overlap with axe-core on the same WCAG success criterion are noted as possible duplicates in the bug reports above.

Alfa rules failing in 2026-W39, by pages affected
RuleImpactPages affectedInstancesExample pagesAll affected
Target size is at least 44×44 CSS pixels (Enhanced) [sia-r111] n/a 753 22865 /ab-registration-completion-list
/dataset/AB-Suspension-and-Termination-List/e8uy-7rnp/data
/dataset/8dcm-4bzw
all 753 pages (CSV)
Text has minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 [sia-r73] n/a 753 5318 /ab-registration-completion-list
/dataset/AB-Suspension-and-Termination-List/e8uy-7rnp/data
/dataset/8dcm-4bzw
all 753 pages (CSV)
aria-hidden element does not contain focusable elements [sia-r17] n/a 648 1752 /dataset/8dcm-4bzw
/dataset/jg62-irbb
/dataset/731b5a4b-02ce-4e87-91fc-18854d3f3301
all 648 pages (CSV)
Text has enhanced contrast [sia-r66] n/a 582 1171 /ab-registration-completion-list
/dataset/AB-Suspension-and-Termination-List/e8uy-7rnp/data
/dataset/8dcm-4bzw
all 582 pages (CSV)
Form field label is visible [sia-r61] n/a 5 5 /about
/cciio/ecp_form
/about/faq
all 5 pages (CSV)
Headings are structured hierarchically [sia-r53] n/a 5 5 /
/
/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority
all 5 pages (CSV)
Accessible name of link or button matches visible label [sia-r14] n/a 4 24 /
/
/home
all 4 pages (CSV)
aria attribute is permitted for element role [sia-r18] n/a 3 10 /cciio/ecp_form
/AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority
/de-intake-form
all 3 pages (CSV)
Presentational children of an element are not focusable [sia-r68] n/a 2 2 /datasets
/de-intake-form
all 2 pages (CSV)
Duplicate role landmark is labeled [sia-r79] n/a 1 2 /AB-NIPR-Health-Line-Of-Authority all 1 pages (CSV)
Table header has scope [sia-r78] n/a 1 1 /datasets all 1 pages (CSV)
Form field has accessible name [sia-r8] n/a 1 1 /de-intake-form all 1 pages (CSV)
Target size is at least 24×24 CSS pixels or has spacing (Minimum) [sia-r113] n/a 1 1 /de-intake-form all 1 pages (CSV)
Input purpose can be determined [sia-r60] n/a 1 1 /ab-registration-tracker all 1 pages (CSV)

Unique accessibility issues (axe + Alfa consolidated)

axe and Alfa both implement W3C ACT rules, so the same issue is often caught by both. These are deduplicated by ACT rule and page, so a shared finding counts once (2783 raw engine findings → 2782 unique).

Unique issues (rule × page)
2782
Caught by both engines
1 highest confidence
axe only
22
Alfa only
2759
1 rule type(s) caught by both engines — highest confidence

Two independent ACT-rule implementations (Deque axe-core and Siteimprove Alfa) flagged the same issue on the same pages. Agreement between separate engines is strong evidence the barrier is real, not a single-tool false positive — the best place to start.

Rules flagged by both axe-core and Alfa in 2026-W39, by pages affected.
IssuePagesRule references
ARIA input fields must have an accessible name1axe aria-input-field-name · Alfa sia-r8 · ACT e086e5